184 VETEKINARY MATERIA MEDICA. 



ANTHELMINTICS. 



Santonica, Levant wormseed, the unexpapded 

 flower-heads of Artemisia pauciflora. Contains san- 

 tonin, a crystalline neutral principle. 



Santoninum, santonin. Colorless, shining, flat- 

 tened, prismatic crystals, permanent in air, but turn- 

 ing yellow on exposure to light; odorless and nearly 

 tasteless when first placed in the mouth, but afterward 

 bitter and having a neutral reaction. Nearly insol- 

 uble in cold water, soluble in 40 parts of alcohol, in 

 160 parts of ether, in 4 parts of chloroform, and in 

 solutions of the alkalies. The alcoholic and ethereal 

 solutions have an intensely bitter taste. It should be 

 kept in dark, amber-colored phials, and protected from 

 light. Dose: H., gr. xv.-xl. ; D., gr. ij.-iv. Large 

 doses cause giddiness, vomiting, and convulsions in 

 dogs ; medicinal doses are destructive to round- and 

 threadworms, particularly in the dog, the horse being 

 not so much affected. It imparts a blood-red color 

 to the urine. 



Arecce Semina, seeds of Areca catechu, areca nut, 

 Betel nut; natural order Palmacese. The tree is a 

 native of Asia, and the nut or seed contains an active 

 alkaloid — arecoline. 



Pulvis Arecce Seminis, powdered areca nut, is an 

 active vermifuge, destructive alike to tape- and round- 

 worms, and is most effectual in the dog. Must be 

 given with a cathartic, as it has some astringent 

 properties. Dose: H., 3iv.-vi. ; D., gr. xv.-3ij. 



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