204 PLANT TKOPAGATION 



more dwarf; more precocious as to bearing; as good as to 

 size of fruit borne ; poorer in union than mazzard ; bet- 

 ter adapted to diverse soils, especial!}- light ones; also to 

 shallow culture ; shorter lived ; less productive and 

 profitable under equal conditions of soil and climate than 

 trees on mazzard, this last being the consensus of 

 opinion amOng the great cherry regions of California, 

 Oregon, Washington, Michigan and New York. 



263. Other cherry stocks. — Few fruits have such a 

 wealth of other stocks to choose among, yet have been 

 tried so little. Russian cherries, come fairly true from 

 seed, and make good orchard plants on their own roots. 

 Only sour kinds should be used — Bessarabian, Brusseler 

 Braune, Double Natte, George Glass, Lutovka, Early 

 Morello, Osthein and Vladimir. These, it is believed, 

 would have some dwarfing effect. Ostheim and Morello 

 have been used successfully in the North Mississippi 

 \'alley. Bird, pin or pigeon cherry (Pruniis pennsyl- 

 vanica) is often used as a hardy stock for cold regions 

 and as a makeshift, since it dwarfs the trees and suckers 

 badly. In the Northwest the sand cherry (F. pumila) 

 is used in cold, dry regions for sour cherries. It is as 

 easy to work as mahaleb and its seedlings are large 

 enough to set in nursery rows the following spring for 

 August budding. Winter-rooted cuttings set in the 

 nursery writh two to four inches growth can also be 

 budded in August. This species has made good unions 

 with hardy cherries by budding and does not dwarf the 

 trees more the first five years than does mahaleb. In 

 Japan the Dai-Sakura, supposed to be a varietv of P. 

 pscudoccrasus, grown by nurserymen from mound layers 

 and cuttings for stock, has a somewhat dwarfing influence 

 on European cherries. It should be tried in America. 

 Among the many other stocks available some ' have 

 already been introduced by the United States Department 

 of Agriculture. Probably several of these or the others 

 mentioned, will prove better than mazzard and mahaleb. 



Cherries are usually budded ; they may be more or less 



