78 GEAMINEAE (GRASS FAMILY) 



6 Bromus ciliatus L. 1. c. Culms 6-12 dm. tall, glabrous or pubescent: 

 sheaths often softly pubescent, or the lower somethnes sparingly hirsutlir 

 leaves 1-3 dm. long, 4-12 mm. wide, smooth beneath, scabrous and often 

 pubescent above: panicle open, 1-2.5 dm. in length, its branches widely 

 spreading or often drooping: spikelets 5-10-flowered, 2.5 cm. long or less: 

 first glume 1-nerved, the second longer, 3-nerved; lemma 8-12 mm. long, 

 obtuse or acute, 5-7-nerved appressed-pubescent on the margins or over the 

 entire surface; awn 4-8 mm. long. (B. purgans L. is here included.) — In moist 

 woods; in the northern part of our range and eastward to Newfoundland. 



7. Bromus Richardsonii Link. Hort. Berol. 2: 281. 1833. Tufted, erect, 

 robust, 6-12 dm. high: sheaths usually smooth below and pilose at the throat; 

 leaves 15-25 cm. long, usually scabrous above and glabrous beneath: panicle 

 effuse and drooping, 15-25 cm. long: spikelets drooping, 6-11-flowered, 2^3 

 cm. long: glumes smooth; the lower 1-nerved, 8-10 mm. long; the upper 3- or 

 rarely 5-nerved, 9-12 mm. long; lemma obtuse, emarginate, 7-nerved, 12-15 

 mm. long, appressed ciUate-pubescent; the awn 3-5 nmi. long; palet shorter 

 than its lemma. — From New Mexico north into British America. 



8. Bromus Porteri (Coult.) Nash, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 22: 512. 1895. 

 Culms 4.5-9 dm. tall, pubescent below the nodes: sheaths glabrous or some- 

 times softly pubescent; leaves 2-6 mm. wide, rough, those of the culm 1-3 dm. 

 long, the basal narrow and about one half the length of the culm: panicle 

 7.5-15 cm. in length; its branches drooping and flexuous, at least when old, the 

 nodes of the axis pubescent: spikelets 5-10-flowered, 1.8-3 cm. long, on slender 

 flexuous pedicels: glumes pubescent, 3-nerved; lemma 1-1.2 cm. long, obtuse, 

 6-7-nerved, densely pubescent with long silky hairs; awn 2-4 mm. long. — 

 Open hillsides; throughout our range. 



9. Bromus jnargiiiatus Nees in Steud. Syn. PI. Gram. 322. 1854. Culms 

 3-12 dm. tall, sometimes pubescent below the panicle: sheaths pubescent, at 

 least the lower ones; leaves 1.5-3 dm. long or more, 4-12 mm. wide, rough and 

 often pubescent: panicle 1-4 dm. in length, its branches erect or ascending, 

 the lower 6-15 cm. long: spikelets 5-10-flowered: glumes acute, pubescent, the 

 first 3-5-nerved, the second longer, 5-9-nerved; lemma compressed, keeled, 

 1.2-1.4 cm. long, acute, 7-9-nerved, appressed-pubescent; awn 4-6 mm. long. 

 B. breviaristatiis. (B. Kcdmii oceidentalis Vasey.)— Very common in the hills 

 and mountains; New Mexico to Manitoba. 



10. Bromus polyanthus Scribn. Bull. U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. 23: 56. 

 1900. Stout and erect, smooth, or puberulent at the nodes, 5-10 dm. high: 

 sheaths smooth or sparsely pilose; leaves mostly somewhat scabrous: panicle 

 elongated, erect, its branches usually short and erect but sometimes spreading: 

 spikelets 3-4 cm. long, 7-11-flowered: glumes broad, Smooth, or somewhat 

 scabrous; the lower 3-nerved, 6-8 mm. long; the upper 3-7-nerved, obtuse, 

 10-12 mm. Jong; lemma 7-nerved, 12-14 mm. long, smooth or scabrous, ob- 

 tuse, emarginate, with broad hyaline margins; awn 4-8 mm. long. — In open 

 woods, especially among fallen timber; Wyoming to Washington. 



61. LOLIUM L. 



Coarse erect grasses with numerous flat leaves. Spikelets 5-10-flowered, per- 

 fect, compressed, with the edge to the axis, sessile, and alternately 2-ranked in 

 long rigid terminal spikes. Upper glume external, rigid, 5-7-nerved; lower 

 glume wanting except in the terminal spikelet; lemma coriaceous, 3-5-nerved, 

 obtuse or subacute, short-awned or awnless, convex, smooth, nearly equaled 

 by the palet and large adherent grain. 



Glume shorter than the floret 1. L. perenne 



Glume longer than the floret 2. L. temulentum. 



1. Lolium perenne L. Sp. PI. 83. 1753. Culms 4-8 dm. high: root peren- 

 nial: spikelets 1-2 cm. long, exceeding the intervals: glume about equaling the 

 adjacent floret. Pehennial Rye Grass. — Sparingly introduced; sometimes 

 cultivated. 



