LILIACEiAB (lily FAMILY) 113 



than the 6 stamens: anthers linear, 2-3 times longer than the filament: stigmas 

 scarcely equaling the linear-prismatic ovary, attenuated into the style, in- 

 cluded: capsule prismatic, very acute^ brown, exserted, 3-celled: seed oblong, 

 delicately striate-costate. — Frequent m our whole range. 



21. Juncus balticus Willd. Berlin. Mag. 3: 298. 1809. Stems erect, 4-8 dm. 

 high, , arising at intervals from stout creeping rootstocks: sheaths green or 

 tinged with dark brown: spathe slender, 10-15 cm. long: panicle commonly 

 loosely branching, 3-8 cm. long: perianth 3-5 mm. long, its segments lanceo- 

 late, acute', or the inner sometimes obtuse^ brown with green midrib and 

 hyaline margins: stamens 6, about two thirds the length of the perianth; 

 anthers much longer than the filaments: capsule about as long as the perianth, 

 pale to dark brown, narrowly ovoid, conspicuously mucronate: seeds usually 

 with a loose coat.^-Sandy shores and slopes; very common; across the con- 

 tinent. 



22. Juncus filiformis L. Sp. PI. 326. 1753. Stems slender, 1-5 dm. high, 

 many of them sterile and appearing like leaves, from stout matted rootstocks: 

 sheaths purplish, obtuse, with a short bristle-like appendage: spathe usually 

 longer than the stem: panicle rather few-flowered, 2-3 cm. high: segments of 

 the perianth 2-4 mm. long, green with hyaline margins, narrowly lanceolate, 

 acuminate: stamens 6, about half the length of the perianth; anthers shorter 

 than the filaments: capsule obovoid, green, barely pointed, about three 

 fourths as long as the perianth, 3-celled: seeds oblong, pointed at each .end. — 

 In marshes; across the continent. 



22. LILIACEAE Adans. Lily Family 



Herbs; stems scapose or leafy, from bulbs or fleshy roots (a woody caudex 

 in Yv£cd). Leaves mostly linear. Flowers perfect; perianth of 6 distinct 

 segments. Stamens 6, on the receptacle or the tube of the perianth. Styles 

 united; stigma 3-lobed or entire; ovary 3-celled, becoming a capsule. 



With fleshy fascicled root9i<^roin a short rootstock , , • • .1. Leucocrinum. 

 With tunicated scaly or corm-Uke bulbs. 

 Flowers with scarious bracts and persistent perianth. 

 Flowers in terminal umbels. 



Bracts 2 or 3:; perianth of distinct segments .... 2. Allium. 



Bracts several; perianth funnelform ...... 3, Brodiaea. 



Flowers in a termmal raceme .....••4, Camassia. 



Mowers bractless or the bracts foliaceoos. 

 Perianth-segments all alike. 

 Anthers versatile; flowers large and erect . . . . .5. Lilium. 



Anthers fixed by the base. 

 Stem leafy. 



Flowers dull purple, or yellow; nodding . . . . 6. Fritillaria. 



Flowers white, streaked with purple, erect .... 7. Lloydia. 



Leaves only 2, basal '.''-. 8. Erythronium, 



Outer perianth-segments smaller thanthe inner . . . ,0. Calochortus. 

 With jarge woody caudex and rigid dagger-pointed leaves . , .10. Yucca. 



1. LEUCOCRINUM Nutt. White Moitntain Lily 



Stemless, the numerous fleshy roots from a short rootstock which bears the 

 several linear leaves. Flowers few to many from the crown of the rootstock. 



1. Leucocrinum montanum Niitt. Gray, Am. Lye. N. Y. 4: 110. 1837. 

 Leaves thick, surrounded at base by scarious bracts: flowers white, the tube 

 slender, 3-5 cm. long, the segments spreading; stamens on the tube: style long, 

 with (iiated stigma. — The fragrant blossoms appear just above the ground in 

 early spring; frequent in our range. 



2. ALLIUM L. Wild Onion 



Herbs with coated bulbs and a basal cluster of leaves, having a very char- 

 acteristic odor and taste (alliaceous). Leaves mostly hnear, either flat or 



