322 VIOLACEAE (violet FAMILY^ 



6. Viola erectifolia A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 29: 143. 1900. Stems short, from 

 a single taproot: leaves usually erect, elliptic to lapce-oblong, entire or repand- 

 deiiticulate, sparsely pubescent especially on margins and veins, or glabrate, 

 3-8 cm. long on somewhat longer petioles: peduncles 6-12 cm. long, rarely 

 surpassing the leaves: flowers large: sepals linear, 7 mm. long: petals yellow, 

 tinged or streaked with purple, the laterals short-hirsute below the middle. 

 (F. gornvhopetala Greene. PI. Baker. 3: 11. 1901.) — In the higher mountains; 

 from Colorado to Montana. 



7. Viola Unguaefolia Nutt. ex T. & G. El. 1: 41. 1838. Mature plant 2-3 

 dm. high, subcaulescent, from a slender rootstock; leaves long-petioled, ob- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, decurrent upon the petiole; margins ciliate and obscurely 

 denticulate; surfaces more or less white-hirsute: flowers surpassing the leaves, 

 bright yellow,'faihtly veined with purple, the lateral petals slightly bearded: 

 sepals narrowly linear, finely ciliate. ( V 1 fldvovirens Pollard, Bull. Torr. Bot. 

 Club 24: 405. 1897).— Utah and Idaho to Oregon. 



8. Viola blanda Willd. Hort. Berol. PL 24. 1806. Acaulescent from slen- 

 der running rootstocks, and more or less stoloniferous: leaf -blades ovate, 

 orbicular, or reniform, crenate, glabrous or nearly so, 1-3 cm. long, on longer 

 petioles: peduncles 3-10 cm. long, usually surpassing the leaves; flowers white, 

 fragrant: the sepals lanceolate: the 3 lower petals purple-veined and nearly 

 beardless: capsule oval. White Sweet-violet. (F. LeConteana Rydb. Fl. 

 Col., not Don; V. Macloskeyi Rydb. Fl. Col., not Lloyd). — ^Wet stream banks 

 in the mountains. 



9. Viola palustris L. Sp. PI. 934. 1753. Glabrous and acaulescent, from 

 slender creeping rootstocks, stoloniferous: leaves ovate to reniform, crenate, 

 3-4 cm. long, on longer petioles: scapes 5-15 cm. high, generally surpassing 

 the leaves: flowers lilac to white, streaked with darker veins; sepals ovate, 

 mostly obtuse; spur short and saccate. — ^Marshy meadows; Colorado, north- 

 ward and eastward. 



10. Viola nephrophylla Greene, Pitt. 3: 44. 1896. Closeily aUied to the 

 preceding, but larger and not stoloniferous, and from a short, thickened, ver- 

 tical rootstock: leaves firm, glabrous, reniform to orbicular, crenate, 2-3 cm. 

 broad, on somewhat longer petioles; the later ones much larger, often tending 

 to ovate-cordate in outline, on lengthened petioles: scapes slender, from 

 shorter than to somewhat surpassing the leaves : sepals oblong," bbttise, 3-nerved, 

 scarious-margined: petals purple or violet but white at base, with dark veins, 

 more or less villous: cleistogamous flowers on short, slender, ascending jje- 

 duncles: seeds large, exactly obovate. — Common in open woods on moist 

 bottom lands throughout our range. 



11. Viola retusa Greene, Pitt. 4: 6. 1899. Low, stout, glabrous, and acau- 

 lescent; the erect rootstock short and thick: the early leaves small, subreni- 

 form; the later successively cordate-ovate and deltoid-ovate with an abrupt 

 acumination, all with broad, open sinus and with the blade tapering more or 

 less, to the petiole, crenate-serrate: peduncle stout, 5-15 cm. high, about as 

 long as the leaves, with triangular-subulate bracteoles above the middle: se- 

 pals lanceolate, scarious-margined, nerveless: petals spatulate or oblong, 

 retuse or obtuse at apex, purple or violet (blue ?), three of them somewhat 

 bearded at base. — Colorado and Wyoming. 



12. Viola canadensis L. Sp. PI. 936. 1753. Nearly glabrtras, 1-3 dm. 

 high, from an ascending rootstock: leaves thin, cordate or broader, either 

 abruptly or gradually acimiinate ; stipules entire, lanceolate, acuminate, 

 scarious: peduncles shorter than the leaves, slender, axillary: sepals linear- 

 lanceolate, scarcely auricled: petals from pale violet to nearly wlute, purple- 

 veined, with yellowish base : capsules pubescent. — Seemingly within our range; 

 common eastward. 



12o. Viola canadensis Rydbergii (Greene) House. _ Scabro-puberulent on 

 the veins and leaf-margins. (V. Bydbergii Greene, Pitt. 5: 27. 1902.) — ^The 

 more usual Rocky Moimtain form. 



126. Viola canadensis scopulorum Gray, Bot. Gaz. 11: 291. 1886. A 

 small, depressed, nearly jjlabrous form.— Canons and cliffs; central Colorado. 



