•1^24 VERBENACEAB (VERVAIN FAMILY) 



but stems only 2-3 from the root, erect, 2-3 dm. high when beginning to 

 blossom, slender and simple but for the somewhat branched inflorescence; 

 pubescence silvery-hoary or -strigose: leaves linear, beset with setose hairs- 

 corolla only 2-3 cm. long, deep yellow, the lobes crenulate: nutlets ovate, 

 smooth, white and shining. — Southern Colorado and probably extending into 

 New Mexico. 



5. Lithospermum angustifolium Michx. Fl. 1: 130. 1803. Minutely 

 "So^brous-strigose a,nd somewhat cinereous; stems numerous from a stout root, 

 at first blossoming low and simple'but becoming 2-3 dm. high and freely 

 branched' leaves linear: flowers pediceled, leafy bracted, of two sorts; the 

 earlier large,' 'bright yellow, salverf orm, with corolla-tube 3-4 times as long as 

 the calyx and with conspicuous arched crests in the throat; the later cleis- 

 togamous, pale yellow and smaller, on pedicels which are recurved in fruit: 

 nutlets ovoid, white, shining, keeled and pitted on the inner side. {L. lin- 

 earifolium Goldie.) — Dry soil; throughout our range and eastward. 



!6. Lithospermum asperum A. Nels. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 26: 244. 1899. 

 Rough, the short spreading hairs often from pustulate bases; root stout and 

 woody, with dark exfoliating bark; stems numerous, simple or at length 

 sparingly branched, 15-25 cm. high, brittle: leaves oblong to linear: corolla 

 yellow, the lobes crenulate-erose; crests small; tube 2-3 cm. long, 3-5 times as 

 long as the linear sepals (flowers not known to be cleistogamous) : stamens 

 and pistils probably dimorphic: nutlets smooth (obscurely if at all keeled 

 or punctate). (L. ciliolatum Greene, Pitt. 4: 92. 1899.)— Sandstone ledges; 

 sotithrcen'tral Wyoming and Colorado. 



12. ONOSMODIUM Michx. 



Rather stout and coarse rough-hispid or hirsute herbs, with leafy-bracteate 

 flowers crowded in scorpioid spikes and racemes. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 

 small, rarely twice the length of the calyx, greenish-white or yellowishTgr^en, 

 tubular, or tubular-funnelform, a glandular 10-lobed ring at the base of the 

 tube within. Style filiform, exserted. Nutlets 4 (sometimes not all maturing), . 

 smooth, attached by the base. ^ 



1. Onosmodiuin occidentale MacKenzie, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 32: 502. 

 1905. Sbniewhat canescent when young, becoming appressed-hirsute; stems 

 tufted, somewhat diffuse, 4-8 dm. long: leaves ovate-lanceolate, 5-9-ribbed: 

 corolla-lobes hairy on the outside: nutlets large, ovoid, sparingly pitted. 

 O. carolinianum. and var. moUe^ — From the Rocky Mountains eastward. 



101. VERBENACEAE J. St. Hil. Vervain Family ; 



Herbs or shrubs, chiefly with opposite or verticillate simple leaves anc" no 

 stipules. Flowers (in ours) generally spicate or capitate, with persistent, 

 4-5-lobed calyx and 2-lipped or nearly regular corolla. Stamens didynamous, 

 inserted on the corolla and alternate with its lobes. Style single, with 1 or 

 2 stigmas; ovary undivided, 2— 4-celled. Fruit dry, separating at maturity 

 into 2-4 nutlets. 



Corolla 5-lobed; nutlets 4 1. Verbena,. 



Corolla ^^lobed; nutlets 2 2. Lippiit.' 



1. VERBENA L. Verbena. Vervain 



Herbs with bracted flowers sessile in single or often panicled spikes, tu- 

 bular j5-toothed calyx, and tubular (often curved) salverform corolla with 

 somewhat unequally 5-cleft border. Stamens 4, included; the anthers some- 

 times wanting on the upper pair, the connective with or without a gland- 



