VEBBENACEAE (VERVAIN FAMILY) 425 



like appendage. Style short, stigmatic on only one of its lobes. Sponta- 

 neous nybrids are known to be common. 



Flowers small, spicate; anthers unappendaged. . i , ■ !, 



Spike slender; bracts inconspicuous. 



Plants glabrate or sparsely rough-hirsute . . . 1^ V. hastata. 



Plants densely soft-pubescent ; 2. V. stricta. 



Spike thick; bracts surpassing the flowers . . , . . 3i V. bracteosa. 

 Flowers large, capitate, becoming spicate; anthers of the lODCer sta- 

 mens appendaged. ' ' , 



Bracts surpassing the calyx 4. V. bipinkiatifidaj 



Bracts shorter than the calyx 5. V. canaclensis.. > 



1. Verbena hastata L. Sp. PI. 20. 1753. Tall perennial 9-15 dm. high, 

 glabrate or sparsely rough-hirsute or scabrous:, leaves- l^nceolajte or oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, cut-serratie, petioled, the loweif sometimes hastatejy 

 lobed at base: spikes linear, panicled, peduncled, 5-12 cm. Ipngj flo.wep blue; 

 bracts ovate-acuminate, not surpassing the flowers: fruits crowded or over- 

 lapping, 2-3 mm. high. Blue Vervain. — Common from the Atlantic region 

 to eastern Wyoming and south to New Mexico and Texas. . - . : 



2. Verbena stricta Vent. Descr. PI. Jard. Cels. pi. 53.' 1800. Lo^er,,3-7dm, 

 high, softly cinereous or hoEiry-pubescent, simple or branched: leaves ovate 

 or oblong, nearly sessile, sharply often doubly serrate, rarely incised, thickish 

 and rugose-veiny, 3-7 cm. long! spikes dense, thicker, cahescent, 1-2 dm. 

 long; flowers blue or purplish; bracts lanceolate-subulate, about as long as 

 the calyx: fruit larger. Hoary VEKVAijir. — Extending eastward from our 

 range. ' ' '"'"' ';",\ 



3. VerbenabracteosaMichx. Fl. Bor. Am. 3: 13. 1803. Perennial, braiiched 

 from the base, diffuse or decumbent, hirsute: leaves cuneate-oblong or cuneate- 

 obovate, narrowed into a short-margined petiole, pinnately incised ' or S-cleft 

 and coarsely dentate: spikes terminating the branches; bracts rigid andisome- 

 what foliaceous, surpassing the flowers, the lowest often pinnatifid or incised: 

 corolla purphsh-blue. — Plains and waste grounds; across the continent. 



4. Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 2: 123. 182L 'Hispid- 

 hirsute, 1-3 dm. high: leaves usually 4-10 dm. long^ bipinnately parted or 

 3-parted into more or less bipinnatifid divisions, the lobes linear or broader: 

 spites elongated in age; bracts mostly surpassing the calyx: liinb of bluish- 

 purple corolla 8-10 mm. broad: fruit 3-4 mm. high, the nutlets ■ ufeually 

 retrorsely scabrous on the commissure. — Dry plains east bf the Rocky Moun- 

 tains from Dakota to Mexico. This and the next frequently found in cul- 

 tivation, though mostly the hybrid forms. ' 



5. Verbena canadensis (L.) Brit. Mem. Torr. Club 5: 276. 1894. Slender, 

 3 dm. high or less, soft-pubescent or glabrate: leaves 3-5 cm. long, ovate or 

 ovate-oblong in outline, cuneate at base, ihcisely lobed and toothed, often 

 more deeply 3-cleft: spikes" pedunculate, elongated in fruit; bracts shorter 

 than or equaling the calyx:; limb of reddish-purple or lilac corolla l,4-il8 mm. 

 broad: fruit 5-6 mm. high; the nutlets minuteily white-dotted or nearly 

 smooth on the commissure, Y- Aubletia Jacq. — Southern Colorado, southward 

 and eastward. . , , 



2. LIPPIA L. 



Herbs or shrubs, with spikes or heads of small flowers ahd short often flattened 

 2-4-toothed or 2-lipped caly? inclosing the dry fruit wj^ich separates into 

 2 nutlets. Corolla 2-lipped, the upper lip notched, the lower 3-lobetl, Stamens 

 4, didynamous. Style short, slender; the stigma oblique. • 



Peduncles scarcely longer than the leaves . . . . '. . 1. L. cuneifolia. 

 Peduncles much longer than the leaves . . . . '. . .2. L. lanceolata. 



1. Lippia cuneifolia (Torr.) Steud. Torr. in Marcy Rep. 293. pi. 17'.' 1853. 

 Diffusely branched, procumbent, minutely canescent throughout:' leaves 

 rigid, cuneate-linear, sessile, incisely 2-6-toothed above the middle: peduncles 

 mostly shorter than the leaves; bracts rigid, broadly cuneate, abruptly acumir! 



