466 RUBIACEAE (MADDER FAMILY) 



obovate, scarious except the midrib: capsule ovoid, slightly exceeding the 

 calyx, 2--4-seeded, ciroumscissile below the middle; seeds nearly flat. (P. 

 retrorsa Greene, Pi. Baker; 3: 32. 1901.) — Abimdant in saline or alkaline 

 meadows in our range and far westward. 



6. Plantago Purshii Roem. & Sohult. Syst. 3: 120. 1818. White-woolly or 

 silky pale-green annual: leaves asc.ending, linear, acute or acuminate, narrowed 

 into margined petioles, l-3-nerved, 5-^25 cm. long, entire or with, a few, sjiljill 

 teeth: scapes 0.5-3 dm. high: spikes very dense, hoary, cylindrical, obtuse, very 

 woolly; bracts rigid, linear-subulate: sepals oblong, obtuse, scarious-margined: 

 corolla-lobes broadly ovate, spreading: stamens 4, just exserted frotfl thp tube 

 or with long capillary filaments: capsule oblong, obtuse; seeds 2, light -brown, 

 oblong, convex on the back, deeply concave on the face.^Dry slopes and 

 plains; the western half of the United States. ',. ' , 



7. Plantago elongata Pursh, F1. 729. 1814. Soniewhat cinereous-puberu- 

 lent annual: leaves linear-spatulate, 3-5 cm. long, entire: scapes 3-10' cm. 

 high: spikes 1-3 cm. long, loosely flo'weted; flowers imperfectly dioepipllS or 

 polygamous; bracts ovate, keeled, about 1 mm. long: sepals oblong, obtuse, 

 about equaling the bracts, with broad scariouB margins : corolla4obes'tBiaBgular- 

 ovate, acute,' becoming erect and closed over the capsule: stamens 2: capsule 

 short-ovoid, a' little longer than the calyx, ciroumscissile below the middle,. 

 4-seeded; seeds elongated-oblong, dark brown. P. pusilla. {P . myosuroides 

 Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Card; 1: 369. 1900.)— Wei places; transcontinental; 

 rare in our range. - ' 



109. RUBIACEAE B. Juss. Madder Family , 



Shrubs or (ours) herbs, with opposite entire' leaves connected by interposed 

 stipules, or ' ^erticillate without apparent ' stipules. Calyx adnate to the 

 2— 4-celled ovary. Stamens as many as the -lobes of thp regular., cordUa, 

 and inserted on its tube. Ovary 1^10-celled; style simple or lobed., (iFruit 

 (in burs) dry, separating into 2 indehiscent carpels. ' ' 



Leaves opposite, with entire, interpetiolar stipules 1. Kelloggia 



Leaves verticillate, without stipules , , , .2. GaUum. 



1. KELLOGGIA Terr,, 



Small herbs with opposite leaves and small loosely cymose-panicled'flowery. 

 Flowers generally 4-merous. ' Calyx with obovate tube and ininute teeth. 

 Corolla between funnelform and salverform. "Sts^niiens and style more or less 

 exserted. Ovary 2-celled. Fruit small, dry, and coriaceous, beset with 

 hooked bristles, separating at maturity into;2-closed carpels. 



1. Kelloggia galioides Torr. Bot; Wilkes. Exp; ,332^1874; ; Slender and 

 glabrous or puberulent perennial, 1-3, dm. ihi^h: leaves loftposite, lanceolate, 

 sessile, with small and entire or 2-dentate interposed stipules: flowers small, 

 in a loose dichotomous cyme, the' long pedicels thiokenedabove and articu- 

 lated with the flower: corolla funnelform, white or pinkish, 5^10 mm; long, 

 pubescent on the outside: fruit small, oblong, coriaceoiisj uncinate-hispid. — 

 From Wyoming to Washington and GalMornia. 



2. GALIUM L. BedStrA-w. Cleavers 



Slender herbs, with small cymose flowers (produced in.summer)!j (square 

 stems, and whorled leaves, the roots 'often containing a red coloring matter. 

 Calyx-teeth obsolete. Corolla 4-parted, rarely 3-parted, wheel-shaped," val- 

 vate in the bud. Stamens 4, rarely 3,'Short. . Styles-2. Fruit dry or. flfeshy, 

 globular, twin, separating when ripe mto : the 2 seed-like, indeM&cent, 1- 

 seeded carpels. ''' ■' 



