47(i GOMPOSITAE i (composite I-'AMILY) , 



pairs of oblong or lanceolate leaflets: inflorescence few to many-flowered, 

 rather open even in anthesis and quite so in fruit: corolla white, campanulate, 

 hairy in throat: achenes ovate to lanceolate, pubescent. V. sylvatica in part. 

 — Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming. 



i 'So; Valeriana micrantha wyomingensis (E. Nels.) 'A^ Nel?. Usually 

 smallter, the inflorescence few-flowered and very open, the achehes glabrous. 

 (F. wyomingensis E. Nels.i. c. 167.) — Northwestern Wyoming and contiguous 

 territory. ^ 



4. Valeriana acutiloba Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Olub 28: 24. 1901,. Green 

 and glabrous, 3-5 dm. high: basal leaves entire, spatujate or obovate, acute, 

 the short petiole wing-margined; stem leaves 2 or 3 pairs, pinnately divided: 

 cyme dense ai;id contracted, glaridular-puberulent or nearly glabrous: corolla 

 funnelform, with very short tube: ova!ry and fruit glabrous. V. sylvatica in 

 part. (V. oreop^ila Greene, ace. to Rydb.; V. occidenlalis, V. septentp.dnalix, 

 V. sitchensis Spquleri, as to our range.) — Partly wooded hillsides, appearing 

 s^s, the snowdrifts recede ; in the' Rocky Mountains of our range. 



4a. Valeriana acutiloba ovata (Rydb.) A. Nels. Reduced alpine statej 

 with simple, ovate, subcordate, petioled basal leaves: fruit ovate, (y. ovata 

 Rydb. I. c. 31: 645.) — High mountains of Colorado. 



116. COMPOSITAE Adans. Composite Family 



Flowers in a close head, on a common receptacle, surrounded by an in- 

 volucre, with 5 (rarely 4) stamens inserted on the epigynous coroUaj the 

 anthers united in a tube (sytigenesious). Calyx-tube epigynous upon the 

 1-celled ovary, the limb (pappus) crowning its summit in the, form of 

 bristles, awns, scales, teeth, etc., or cup-shaped, or else entirely absent. 

 Corolla either strap-shaped or tubular; in the latter chiefly 5-lobed, val- 

 vfite in the bud, the veins bordering the m9,rgins of the lobes. Style 

 2-cleft at the apex (in sterile flowers usually entire). , Fruit seed-likei 

 (achenes), dry, containing a single, erect, anatropous seed,, with no en- 

 dosperm. — ^An immense family, in temperate regions chiefly herbs, without 

 stipules, with perfect, polygamous, monoecious, or dioecious flowers. The 

 flowers with a strap-shaped (ligulate) corolla are called rays or rsiy-flowers; 

 the ,bfi?|d which, presents such flowefs, either throughout or at the margin, 

 is radiate. The tubular flowers compose the disk; and a head which has no 

 rayr-flowers is said to be idiscoii,(J. When th^ head contains 2 sorts of flowers 

 it is said to be heterogamous; when only 1 sort, homogamous. The leaves 

 of the involucre, of whatever form or texture, are termed bracts. The bracts 

 or scales, which often grow on the receptacle among the flowers, are called 

 the chaff; when these are wanting, the receptacle is said to be naked. The 

 largest family of seed plants: , The genera are divided by the corolla into 3 

 series, only 2 of -Which are repres'etated in our region, the first being much the 

 larger. 

 ,i;. I Key to the Tribes 



Series A. TUBULIFLORAE 



COROLLAS ALL TUBULAR AND REGULAR, OR ONLY THE MARGINAL ONES 

 ;■ LIGULATB (IRREGULAR) 



Anthers not caudate at base; style branches either truncate or 

 tipped with an appendage. 

 Heads rayleas:^owers all perfect, never yellow. 



Style branches terete-filiform I. VERNONIEAE. 



Style branches' thickened upward (clavate) . . . II. EUPATORIEAE. 



