COMPOSITAE (composite FAMILY) 483 



h. Achenes 4rangled. 



66. Eriophyllum. Bracts of the involucre in 1 or 2 series and more or less united; ligule;» 



oroad. 



67. PUtyschkuhria. Perennial with entire leaves mostly radical and subscapose stem. 



Bracts about 10, distinct. 

 68. , Bahia. Annuals or perennials, the leaves cleft, divided, or dissected. Bracts distinct. 



69. Chaenactis. Annuals or perennials, the leaves pinnate Qjr bipinnate. Heads ot white 



flesh-colored flowers, rayiess, ,'; , -h- / 



70. Hulsea. Low viscid perennial. Pappus of about 4 erose truncate scales. 



bb. Achenes 6,-10-ribbed; herbage commonly impressed-punctate andreainiferous. 

 , ; . c. Pappus present, 



d. Involucral bracts erect. 



71. Actinella. Leaves entire.;, Stems scapose qr with a few linear leaves low. 



72. Hymehbxys. Leaves 1-3-temately parted, if wholly only in the asols of the radical 



leaves. Heads medium. 



73. Rydbergia. Low woolly alpine perennial with enormous heads. 



dd. Involucral bracts spreading or reflexed. 



74. Dugaldea. Leaves entire or parted, not decurrent on the stem. 



75. Helenium. Leaves entire, decurrent on the stem* 



cc. Pappus wanting. 



76. Flaveria. Heads small; the involucre of 2-5 concave carinate bracts. 



= = Receptacle ;w^th bristle-Uke chaff. . 



77. Gaillardia. The large liguIes^S-toothed or 3-cleft. 



* * Herbage .with oil-glands, heavy scented; pappus a row of chaffy bristles dissected into 



many rigid bristles;. 



78. Dysodia. Bracts of the, involucre united at thebase^ 



79. Pectis. Bracts of the involucre distinct. 



Tribe Vn. ANTHEMIDEAE. Distinguished from the last two tribes by the more or less 



i^dry -sjid scarious-imbricated brac^ of the involucre. ,. Heads, radiate (rays mostly 



white) or discoid, the perfect flowers sometimes sterile and, the pistillate rarely tubular. 



Achenes small; pappus a short crown or none. Mostly strong-scented; leaves alternate. 



* Receptacle chafi'y, at least in. part; heads.radiate, manyrflowered. 



80. Anthemis, Achenes subterete, angled or ribbed. . ^e^ds hemispherical, rather large. 



81. Achillea. Receptacle flattish. Achenes obcompressed. Heads small, campanulate 



or obovoid. 



* * Receptacle naked. 

 '■-"'■ -t- Headis solitary or corymbose. 

 ++ Receptacle conical at least in age. 



82. Matricaria. ■ Heads pedunculate. Rays pistillate or none. Pappus crown-lik^ or 



none. Leaves finely dissected. 

 ++++ Receptacle flattish or moderately convex. Corollas of the perfect flowers 5-toothed. 

 , ; Aqtienes sessile. 



83. Chrysanthemum. Heads radiate; rays pistillate. Achenes 5-10-nerved; pappus none. 



84. Tanacetum. Heads disdoid. Pistillatei flowers few, marginal, the coroUas incon- 



spicuous, 2-3-toothed. Achenes 3-5-anfiled; pappus none or a short crown. 

 ■*- ■*- Inflorescence ifrom ispike-Uke to chiefly racemose-paniculate. 



85. Artemisia, Heads small, usually drooping, discoid. Pappus none. 



Tribe Vni. SENECIOIfEAE. Heads radiate or discoid, the involucre little or not at all 

 imbricated or scarious. Receptacle naked. Anthers tailless. Pappus capillary. 



* Heads monoecious or subdioecious, the perfect flowers mostly sterile, and the small 



■ (ligulate or tubular) ray-fl^wertS in more than one row (at least r in the fertile heads) ; 

 style-:branche5 obtuse, i^ot .appendaged. or hispid; leaves chiefly radical. 



86. Petasite^. Heads corymbed, simdioecious.' Flowers white or purplish. 



87. Haploesthes. Heads fe*7,CyBiose. Flowers yfellow. i i / - 



* * -Flowers all fertile; style-branches truncate or capitellate, often appendaged; involucral 



bracts conniyent-erect. 

 4- Leaves opposite. 

 88.' Arnica. Heads showy.' * Pappus rather rigid, scabrous or barbellate. ' 



■<- -t- Leaves alternate; flowers yellow; pappus soft-capillary, p copious. 



89. Tetradymia. Heads discoid; the bracts 4-6, firm, erect, concave. :and overlapping. 



90. Senecio. Heads usually radiate; the bracts several to many, and usually Tiritn 1 or 2 



rows of erecf bractedles. > i . . 



Tribe IX. CYNAREAE, ■ Flowers all tubular and perfect. Involucre much imbricated. 



Anthers caudate, long-appendagcd at tip. Style-branches short or united, obtuse, 



unappendaged, smooth, with oftiBn a pubescent ring below. Pappus mostw biristly, 



Leaves alternate. ' . ■' - , , 



91. Carduus. Heads many-flowered. Pappus usually plumose, more rarely merely 



roughened. 



Series B. LIGULIFLORAK 



Corolla ligulate in all the flowers of the head, and all the flowers perfect. 

 Herbs with milky juice. Leaves alternate. 



Tribe X. CICHORIEAE, Characters of the series. 



* Pappus plumose or scale-like, 

 -f- Flowers not yellow. 

 ++ Achenes beakless. 

 92, Cichorium. lavolucre double. Pappus a small crown of bristle-form scaler 



