coMPOsiTAE (composite family) 507 



disk-flowers 10 or fewer: aohene closely puberulent, cylindrical. S. nemoralin 

 as to our range. (S. radulina Rydb. 1. c. 31: 650. 1904.) — ^Frequent; Col- 

 orado to Montana. 



11. Solidago mollis Bartl. Ind. Sein. Goett. 5. 1836. Stems rigid, stout, 

 low, canescent or slightly scabrous, 1.5-3 dm. high: leaves pale, oanescent or 

 rough, entire or dentate, strongly 3-nerved, oblong, ovate, or oblanceolate; 

 the lower petioled, ' 5-7 cm. long, 6-25" mm. Wide, obtuse; the upper sessile, 

 smaller: heads 4-6 mm. high, somewhat or scarcely secund on the short 

 branches of the erect, dense panicle: bracts of the involucre oblong: rays 

 5-9; achenes pubescent. S. nemoralis incana. — In the eastern part of our 

 rangato the Dakotas, Nebraska; and Texas. 



12. Solidago trinervata Greene, Pitt. 3: 100. 1896. Stems decumbent and 

 ascending, from branching and widely spreading horizontal rootstocks; 

 herbage cinereous-scabrous: leaves widely spreading, linear-lanceolate, entire, 

 very acute, many of them distinctly triple-nerved, mostly 5-8 cm. long: 

 panicle of unilateral racemes rather lax: bracts of the involucre in few series 

 and acutish, glabrous and conspicuously green-tipjped: achenes hispidulous. 

 — Frequent in the dry cafions of the foothills throughout our range. 



13. Solidago nana Nutt. 1. c. Stems 1-3 dm. high, canescent with minute, 

 dense puberulence, not scabrous in age: leaves mostly obovate or spatulate 

 and entire, small: heads 5-6 mm. long, rather broad, few or numerous in an 

 oblong. oricorymbiform panicle, not at all secund; bracts of the involucre oval 

 or oblong, very obtuse: rays 5-9, often more numerous than the disk-flowers. 

 -^In the mountains and on the high dry plateaus; New Mexico to Montana 

 and to Arizona and NeVada. 



14. SoUdago occidentalis Nutt. T. & G. Fl. 2: 226. 1842. Stems 4-10 dm. 

 high, paniculately branched above: leaves very numerous, linear, 1-3-nerved, 

 more or less finely punctate, glabrous, the margins obscurely scabrous: heads 

 in corymbose clusters,' 4-5 mm- high; bracts of the involucre chartaceous, 

 hnear-lanceolate: rayg 16-20; disk-flowers 8-12. (Euthamia' oc&identalis 

 Nutt.)^Wet ground; New Mexico to Montana and to the Pacific States. 



15. Solidago campormn (Greene) A. Nels. Stems simple or paniculately 

 branched above, 3-6 dm. high, whitish, striate, glabrous: leaves Mght green, 

 narrowly oblong' to lance-linear, 1-herved, or the lateral nerves faint, mar- 

 ginally serrulate-scabrous, so also the midvein above, but the lower face of 

 the leaf wholly glabrous, ' strongly and closely punctate on both faces: inflo- 

 rescence !Somewhatfastigiate,branchlets and pedicels with remotely scabrous 

 angles: heads not densely glomerate; bracts of involucre thinnish, yellow:ish 

 throughout, obtuse or acute.' 8. lanceolata. {Euthamia camporum Greene, 

 Pitt. 5: 74. 1902.) — Eastern Colorado and Wyoming to Minnesota and the 

 Dakotas. , 



' 16. Solidago rigida L. Sp. PI. 880. 1763. Stem stout, simple, or branched 

 above, densely rough-pubescent or hoary, 3-^15 dm. high: leaves thick, rigid, 

 often obtuse, "rough on both sides; the upper sessile, clasping and rounded or 

 sometimes narrowed at the base, 3-5 cm. long, mostly entire; lower and basal 

 leaves long-petipled, sometimes 3 dm. long and 7 cm, wide, entire or serru- 

 late: 'heads 8-10 mm. high, many-flowered, in a terminal dense corymbose 

 cyme; involucre broadly campanulate, the bracts oblong, obtuse, the outer 

 pubescent: rays 6-10, large: achenes glabrous, 10-15-nerved. (flUganeuron 

 Hgidum Small, Fl. S. E. U. S. 1188. 1903; O. canescens Rydb. Bull. Torr. 

 Bot. Club 31: 652. 1904; S. rigida humilis Porter.) — ^The eastern part of our 

 range and far eastward and southward. 



20. TOWNSENDIA Hook. 



Annual, bienilial, or perennial herbs, often tufted, acaulescent or caulescent 

 (simple or branched from the base) . Heads large ; the pink, purple, or whitish 

 rays in 1 series, rather long, pistillate, sometimes infertile; disk-flowers per- 

 fect, with t.ubular-obconic, ^-toothed corollas. Branches of the style lanceo- 

 late, acutish, hairy towards the ends. Involucres hemispherical or subglobose, 



