546 COMPOSITAE (composite family; 



ical leaves cordate-oblong to hastate, 1-3 dm. long, the base 5-15 cm. wide, 

 on petioles of greater length; the few and inconspicuous cauline linear to 

 spatulate: scape at length 3 dm. or more high: rays 3-5 cm. long. (B. tomen- 

 tosa Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 628. 1900.)— "Used by the Indians for 

 food "; mountains of Colorado to Montana and British Columbia. 



2. Balsamorrhiza macrophylla Nutt. 1. c. Green, not at all canescent, 

 glabrate, except the ciHate margins of the leaves, usually minutely glandular- 

 viscidulous: leaves ample, ovate or oblong in outline, 1 .5-3 dm. long, some with 

 only 1 or 2 lobes or coarse teeth, most of them pinnately parted into broadly 

 lanceolate and commonly- entire lobes: scapes 3-5 dm. high: bracts of the 

 involucre narrowly lanceolate to spatulate and foliaceous, 3-5 cm. long, 

 nearly equal, either half or fully the length of the rays. — ^Rocky and Wasatch 

 Mountains in Wyoming and Utah. 



2a. Balsamorrhiza macrophylla terebinthacea (Nutt.) A. Nels. Differs 

 from the species in being somewhat hispidulous-scabrous or hirsutulous on 

 the leaf-margins, and lanate-tomentose on the involucre. (B. terebinthacea 

 Nutt. 1. c.) — Stony ground; Wyoming to Oregon. 



3. Balsamorrhiza Hookeri Nutt. 1. c. Canescent with fine sericeous or 

 more tomentose pubescence, but not at all hirsute: scapes and leaves 1.5-3 dm. 

 high; the latter lanceolate or elongated-oblong in outline, pinnately or bi- 

 pinnately parted into lanceolate or linear divisions or lobes, or some of them 

 only pinnatifid or incised: involucre canescently puberulent to lanate; the 

 bracts linear to oblong-lanceolate, either unequal and well imbricated or 

 sometimes ■ the outermost foliaceous and enlarged. — West of our range, but 

 represented by 



3a. Balsamorrhiza Hookeri hirsuta (Nutt.) A. Nels. The pubescence 

 roughish-hirsute and spreading, not canescent or tomentose. (B. hirsuta 

 Nutt. 1. c.) — Wyoming to Utah and northwestward. 



4. Balsamorrhiza incana Nutt. 1. c. Densely white-tomentose throughput; 

 stems 1-2 dm. high: leaves oblong- or deltoid-lanceolate in outline, pinnately 

 or bipinnately parted or lobed, the divisions oval or oblong: bracts of the in- 

 volucre lanceolate to linear, 15-20 mm. long, imbricated in 2 or 3 series: rays 

 12-14, 3-4 cm. long: chaff of the receptacle much shorter than the flowers. 

 (B. floccosa Rydb. 1. c. 629.) — ^Wyoming to Montana and to the Pacific States. 



52, WYETHIA Nutt. 



Coarse perennial herbs with usually simple stems, alternate mostly entire 

 leaves, and large heads of yellow flowers. Heads many-flowered.' Bracts of 

 the campanulate involucre loosely imbricated in 2 or 3 series, neairly equal, 

 foUaceous, the innermost smaller and resembling the chaff. Receptacle 

 sUghtly convex; the chaff lanceolate, carinate, acute, as long as the flowers 

 and embracing them. Rays large, pistillate, sometimes with sterUe filaments; 

 disk-corollas cylindrical, elongated, with a short proper tube, 5-toothed. 

 Style-branches in the ray-flowers glabrous; in the disk elongated, filiform, 

 revolute, strongly hispid on the inner faces. Achenes stout, elongated, 4-5- 

 angled, terminated with a coroniform 5-10-toothed or lacimate pappus, 1 or 

 more of the teeth usually prolonged into a rigid persistent awn. 



Rays pale, yellowish to white ,1. W. helianthoides. 



Kays bright yellow. 



Plant glabrous and smooth throughout 2. W. amplexicaulis. 



Plant hirsutely pubescent or scabrous. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering to both ends . . ,3. W. arizonica. 

 Leaves broadly linear . 4. W. scabra. 



1. Wyethia helianthoides Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 7: 351. 1841. 

 Stems 2-4 dm. high, simple and with a single large head, or rarely 3 or 4, 

 hirsute: leaves oval to broadly lanceolate, denticulate or entire, 1-2 dm. 

 long, mostly narrowed at base into a short-margined petiole: heads 2-3 cm. 

 high; bracts of the involucre narrowly lanceolate, numerous: rays 4-5 cm. 



