CpjMPOSITAJi; (composite, FAMIIjY) 'SiiO 



64. HELIANTHEH.A T- & G. , 



Perennial herbs with mostly simple stems, entire, scattered, and sessile 

 leaves, and solitary heads with yellow ray and' yellow or purplish-brown diskT 

 flowers. Heads many-flowered; the rayTflowers neutral; those of the cjisk 

 perfect. Bracts of the involucre in about '2 series, loose, somewhat foliac^pus. 

 Chaff of the receptacle persistent, embracing the achenes. Corolla of the disk 

 cyliliidrical, elongated, 5-toothed, with a very short proper tiibp. | Branches of 

 the style very hispid, more or less obtuse. Achenes compresseil, with one or 

 both margins sHghtly winged and produced at the summit into short auricu- 

 late and lacerate-persistent appendages or into an awn, sometimes with inter- 

 mediate squamellae. 



Disk yellowish; the anthers dark. 



Heads large; disk 2-3 cm, broad; rays 3— 4 cm, long , . ,1. H. guinquenervis. 



Heads halt as large 2, H. Parryi. 



Disk purple. j , < ., 



Heads several, small; rays 5-6 mm. long , . ... ,3. H. microcephala: 



Heads solitary oi: few, larger; rays 20-25 mm. long . , .4. H. uniflora. 



1. Helianthellaquinquenervis (Hook.) Gray, Proc, Am. Acad. 19: 10. 1883. 

 Somewhat hirsutely pubescent or almost glabrous; stems solitary or scat- 

 tered, 6-12 dm. high: leaves mostly opposite, oblong- or ovate-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, ,1^2 dm. long, uppermost sessile; the lower ones tapering into mar- 

 gined petioles, and the lowest (2-3 dm. long) into longer petioles: head mostly 

 long-peduncled, ample, the disk 2-3 cm. in diameter: rays 15-20, pale. yellow, 

 commonly 3-4 cm. long: pappus of 2 slender awns, half the length of the 

 achene, and nearly thrice the length of the squamellae, which form' a. con- 

 spicuous, finely dissected fringe. — Mountains; from Dakota and- Montana to 



southern Coloradd. : .) ., 



_ 2. Helianthella Parryi Gray, Proc. Acad. Phila. 68. 1863. Hispidulous- 

 hirsute; stems numerous from a thickened root, 3-4 dm. high, rather slender: 

 leaves mostly alternate, more rigid,! lanceolate and' 3-6 cm. long, or the 

 lowest and radical oblong-spatulate and double the size:'jheads and rays 

 barely half the size of the preceding: pappus of fimbriately dissected squamel- 

 lae only, or with a pair of slender awns not surpassing them.-^Mountains of 

 Colorado and New Mexico. . . i . .■,<•• < 



3. Helianthella microcephala Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 19:10^1883. His- 

 pidulous-scabrous; stems numerous from a greatly thickened root, 2-3 dm. 

 high, slender, somewhat paniculately or corymbosely branched at s,ummit and 

 bearing several' heads: leaves rigid, all but the' lower alternate; the radical 

 lanceolate-spatulate: the upper cauline nearly linear and sessile, 2-3 cm. long: 

 involucral bracts linear-oblong, mostly obtuse:' rays not oyer 6 mm. long: 

 pappus of several ^lender squarh'ellae intermiixed with the long hairs, 2 mar- 

 ginal ones oftfn extended and awn-like. — Borders of Colorado and adjacent 

 New Mexico and Utah. 



4. Helianthella uniflora (Nutt.) T. & G. ex Gray, 1. c. Minutely. pubescent 

 or glabrate; stems 3-6 dm. high: leaves more commonly opposite, sometimes 

 all alternate, oblong-lanceolate, 5-12 cm. long; the lo\ver short-petioled:'invo- 

 lucre pubescent or slightly hirsute: rays 25-30 mm. long: chaffy bracts of the 

 receptacle firm-chartaoeous : achenes more or less ciliate ; pappus a pair of long 

 awns and rather conspicuous squamellae. {H. muUicaulis Eat. Bot. King's 

 Exp.) — Mountains of Montana, and eastern Idaho to southern Utah, ■ . 



55. XIMENESIA Cav. ' 



'■■' , ... ' ..!« I'.l. . -.1. ■, i 



Annual caulescent herbs, with pubescent foliage.; Leaves alternate or 

 sometimes opposite, simple, tioothea or somewhat laciniate. .Heads solitary. 

 or few, radiate, showy, ipeduncled. Receptacle convex,, chaffy. , Ray-iflowers 

 pistillate, numerous, yellow; disk-flowers numerous, perfect. Stigmas with 

 slender pubescent appendages. Achenes flat, winged., Pappus of short and 

 straight awns. ! /■ .;.i .,i . .,,, . 



