560 COMPOSITAE (composite family) 



8. Actinella epunctata A. Nels. Caudex simple or with 2-several crowns: 

 leaves crowded on the crowns, glabrate and brignt green, obscurely punctate, 

 narrowly spatulate or oblanceolate, 2-i cm. long, the margined petiolar bases 

 imbricated on the crowns but not involved in the usual wool: scapes 1 dm. or 

 less high, sparsely silky-canescent: heads large, 25-30 mm. broad when fully 

 expanded; involucre silky-lanate; the green tips of the oblong-acute bracts 

 mostly free from the wool: the bright yellow rays about 12 mm. long: pappus 

 scales nearly as long as the disk-coroUas, obovate, abruptly long-acuminate. 

 {Tetraneuris epunctata A. Nels. 1. c; T. glabra Greene, 1. c. 268, not T. glabra 

 Nutt.; T. glahriuscula Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 33: 155. 1906.)— Colorado 

 and Utah to Nevada and New Mexico. 



9. Actinella linearis (Nutt.) A. Nels. Caespitose, but the short caudex 

 slender: leaves very narrow and almost linear, pubescent but not villous, the 

 punctation manifest but superficial rather than impressed: scapes tall and 

 slender: scales of the pappus obovate, obtuse, tippea with a rather long awn. 

 {A. scaposa linearis Nutt. 1. c; Tetraneuris linearis Greene, 1. c. 267; T. an- 

 gustifolia Rydb. 1. c. 32: 128. 1905.) — Texas and New Mexico and rarely in 

 southern Colorado. 



10. Actinella fastigiata (Greene) A. Npls. Subhgneous stem 1-2 dm. high, 

 parted into many fastigiate densely leafy branches and forming a compact 

 tufted undershrub-like plant: leaves spatulate-Unear, acute, glabrous or some- 

 what scabrous, superficially punctate, the basal part much dilated, with 

 strong midvein and no lateral nerves, the margin hirsute with long deflexed 

 hairs: scapes slender, shorter than the leafy branches, 7-12 cm. long: invo- 

 lucre narrow and small, the bracts oblong, obtuse, pubescent. (Tetraneuris 

 fastigiata Greene, 1. c. 268; T. stenophylla Rydb. 1. c. 33: 155.) — ^Dry hills in 

 Kansas; reported also from Colorado. 



11. Actinella leptoclada Gray, Pacif. R. R. Rept. 4: 107. 1857. Tufted, 

 with woody root and multicipital caudex, the short thickened crowns clothed 

 with the expanded, membranous, lanate leaf -bases: leaves glabrous, 4-8 cm. 

 long, crowded on the crowns, linear-oblanceolate, acute or cuspidate, rather mi- 

 nutely punctate: stems few to several, 1-2 dm. long, bearing a few (usually 2) 

 leaves: heads large; disk about 1 cm. high; involucre silky-lanate; the bracts 

 in two or three rows, the inner oblong or somewhat expanded upward by the 

 scarious ma,rgins: scales of the pappus oblong-elHptic with an acumination as 

 long as the body proper, equaling the disk-corollas: ligules of the rays 15-18 

 mm. long, 6-8 mm. broad. [The fact that the stem leaves are often concealed 

 among the others has probably contributed in part to the making of the fol- 

 lowing synonyms: T. mancosensis A. Nels. 1. c. 28. 1898; T. intermedia Greene, 

 PI. Baker. 3: 29. 1901; T. CrandalliiRydh. 1. c. 32: 127. 1905; T. arizonica 

 Greene, Pitt. 3: 266. 1898; T. pilosa Greene (?)].— Colorado to New Mexico and 

 Arizona. 



72. HYMENOXYS Cass. 



Herbaceous plants with aromatic herbage, alternate leaves, and pedunculate 

 heads. Ray-flbwers pistillate or the heads homogamous. Bracts of the in- 

 volucre in two series, in our species the narrow and rigid outer bracts united at 

 base into a shallow cup inclosing the broadly oblong obtuse inner ones. 

 Flowers yellow. Achenes turbinate, hairy. Pappus of 5-12 conspicuous 

 hyaline paleae. — Actinella in part. 



Perennial, the stems from a low branched caudex, simple below. 



J Heads solitary or few at the ends of the stems . . . . 1. H. Riohardsonii. 



'Heads several to many, in s corymbose inflorescence . . . 2. H. floribunda. 



Annual Or biennial, branched throughout, with a taproot . . . 3. H. m'ultiflora. 



1. Hymenoxys Richardsonii (Hook.) Ckll. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 31: 471. 

 1904. Stems 1-2 dm. highj in tufts from a multicipital caudex, puberulent or 

 nearly glabrous, woolly in the axils of radical leaves, polycephalous: upper 

 leaves mostly once, and the lower twice, temately parted into long and sim- 

 ple filiform-hnear lobes, rather rigid: involucre 4-S mm. high, 6-9-angled; the 



