COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 563 



Ligules 3-toothed or 3-cleft; disk-corollas with 5 ovate-triangular to subu- 

 late teeth, which are beset with Jointed hairs. Achenes turbinate, 5-costate, 

 covered with long villous hairs. Pappus conspicuous, longer than the achenes, 

 of 5-10 hyaline-scarious scales with a costa mostly excurrent into an awn. 



Lobes of the disk-corollas acute, tipped with a seta beset with beaded 



haira I, G, aristata. 



Lobes of the di^-coroUas short and obtuse 2. G. pinnatifida. 



1. Gaillardia aristata Pursh Fl. 2: 573. 1814. More or less hirsute, often 

 5-8 dm. high: leaves lanceolate or broader, or lower spatulate, entire to 

 laciniate-dentate or sinuate-pinnatifid: rays in the largest heads 3-4 cm. 

 long: lobes of disk-corollas subulate-acute and tipped with a cusp: pappus 

 aristate. — ^From New Mexico and southern Colorado to Oregon,. British 

 Columbia, and the Saskatchewan. 



2. Gaillardia pinnatifida Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 2: 214. 1828. Cinereous- 

 pubescent; peduncles scapiform or from short leafy stems, 1-3 dm. long: some 

 or even all the leaves pinnatifid, sometimes linear or with linear lobes, some- 

 time^ spatulate and sinuate or even entire: teeth of the disk-corollas short and 

 broad, obtuse, pointless: pappus-scales lanceolate. — On the plains; Colorado 

 and Arizona to western Texas. 



78. DYSODIA Cav. 



Herbs, mostly strong-scented, with alternate or opposite leaves and soli- 

 tary or somewhat paniculate heads of yellow flowers. Involucre hemispher- 

 ical or campanulate, the bracts more or less united below, often with some 

 loose accessory bracts. Pappus of 6-10 scales, which are erose-truncate or 

 more usually resolved into numerous rather stiff bristles. Achenes mostly 

 terete, striate, and pubescent. — (Includes Hymenatherum.) 



liCaves mostly opposite; ill-scented 1. D. papposa. 



3 mostly alternate; not ill-scented 2. D. aurea. 



1. Dysodia papposa (Vent.) Hitch. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 5: 503. 1891. 

 Much-branched and ill-scented annual, leafy up to the subsessile or short- 

 pedimculate small heads: leaves 1-2-pinnately parted into linear lobes: in- 

 volucre puiplish-tinged or greenish, of 8 or 10 scarious-tipped oblong bracts, 

 and some hnear, loose, accessory ones: rays few and inconspicuous, not sur- 

 passing the disk. D. chrysanthemoides. — ^From Arizona and Colorado to 

 Minnesota and Louisiana, and now spreading eastward to the Atlantic States. 



2. Dysodia aurea (Gray) A. Nels. Erect or diffuse, 1-2 dm. high, much- 

 branched, bearing numerous short-peduncled heads: leaves mostly alternate, 

 pinnately parted into 7-9 linear-filiform pointless divisions: involucre 5-6 mm. 

 high: rays about 12, oblong, 6 mm. long: pappus of 6 or 8 quadrate or oblong 

 and erose-truncate scales, in length Uttle exceeding the breadth of the achene. 

 Hymenatherum aureum. (,Lowellia aureum Gray, PL Fendl. 91. 1848.) — 

 Colorado to Texas. 



79. PECTIS L. 



Mostly low and spreading herbs, usually glabrous and scented, with narrow, 

 opposite leaves conspicuously dotted with round oil-glands, small heads of 

 yellow flowers, and slender, rigid bristles fringing at least the base of the 

 leaves. Heads radiate, several-many-flowered. Involucre naked at base, or 

 nearly so, cyUndrical or campanulate, of few or several equal carinate bracts 

 in a single series. Disk-corollas 5-lobed, 1 or 2 sinuses often deeper, thus be- 

 coming bilabiate. Achenes linear, terete or angled. Pappus of few or nu- 

 merous bristles or awns, sometimes chaffy-dilated at base, or of scales. 



1. Pectis angustifolia Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 2: 214. 1828. Smooth, 

 1-3 dm. high: leaves narrow-linear: heads subsessile or short-peduncled, fas- 

 tigiate or cymose at the end of the branches; bracts of the involucre about 8, 



