COMPOSITAE (composite i^AMILV)' 587 



tomentosefceiieath, green, loosely tomentose, or glabrate above; the lower 

 12-17 cm.' long, the lobes lanceolate to oblong,: acute,' prickly tipped and' 

 margined: heads f6w, 4-5 cm. high and broad; outer bracts of the involucre 

 lanceolate to ovate-lanceblaite, firiri, dark, tipped with' short, weak, spreading' 

 prickles';" the inner linear-lahceolate) unarmed, tipped with scaribus; reflexed; 

 eros0 appendages; pappus of outer flowers merely barbellate.^-HSandy soil; 

 Nebraska to Wycimihg and Montana. ' ' 



12. Carduus undulatus Nutt. Gen. 2: 130. 1818. Persistently white- 

 tomentose, 3-10 dm. high: leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sessile or 

 decurrent, or the lowest petioled, . undulate, Ipbed or pinnatifid; the lobes 

 dentate, triangular, often very prickly: heads 3-4 cm. broad, nearly as high, 

 solitary at the ends of the branches; principal bracts of the involucre mostly 

 thickened on the back by i the broad glandular-viscid ridge, comparatively, 

 narrow, tipped with short, spreading prickles: corollas rose-color, or pale purplel 

 to whitpi_with lobes equaling or longer than their throats. (C nehraskensi^ 

 Brit, in Brit. & Brown Fl. 3: 487. 1898; C. /toccosits, Rydb. Bull. Torr. Bat. 

 Club 32: 133. 1905.) — Dry plains of our range and- extending both east- 

 ward and westward north of our range. 



12a. Carduus undulatus canescens (Nutt.) Porter, Mem. Torr.Club 5: 345. i 

 1894. Apparently a perennial form from rhizomes or thickened roots: heads 

 mostly smaller, and the Icsaves varying froin, deeply pinnatifid to subentijje.' 

 (Cirsium canescens Nutt.; Cnicus undvlaius canescens Gray.) — Same range ^s 

 the species, but infrequent. 



13. Carduus megacephalus (Gray) , A. Nels. Stems low, 3-5 dm. higW 

 simple or branched, the stem or branches each bearing one large .ped'uncjulajte 

 head 6-8 cin. high and broad: leaves rather broadly lanceolate, more or less 

 deeply laciniate-toothed, each tooth tapering into the stout, yellowish spiije: 

 otherwise like C ."undulatus. (Cnicus undulaius megacephalus Gray, Proc. 

 Am.' Acad. 10: 42; ]j874.)-^Nebraska and Wyoming to Kansas, New Mexico, 

 and Texas. , ' ,', '.', '" '', '' ' 



14. Carduus ochrocentrus (Gray) Greene, 1. c. Similair to CordMte Mft- 

 dwiffiiiS, but commonly taller and more leafy, often 2 m. high, equally white- 

 tomentose: leaves oblong-lanceolkte in outline, usually very deeply pinnatifid 

 into triangular-lanceolate, serrate or entire segments, armed with numerous 

 long yellow- prickles; lower leaves often 15-30 cm. long: heads about 6 cm. 

 broad, 4^5 cm. high, solitary at the ends of &'e branches; outer bracts of the 

 involucre lanceolate, tipped with stout yellow prickles of nearly or quite their 

 own length-'the inner narroWlylanceolate, long-acuroinate: lowers purple. — 

 Dry plaiiis; Nebraska to Nevada arid Texas. ■- , . , . 



15. Carduus filipendulus (Engelm.) Eydb. 1. c. 33: 157. 1906. Stem 

 comparatively slender, 5-l0 dm. high, somewhat angled and striate, more 

 or less covered with a cottony pubescence: leaves more or less flbScose, Ijut 

 green above, densely white-tqrhentbse beiieath, deeply divided into linear- 

 oblong or lanceolate a!ciite lobes tipped "with rather weak, yellowish spines: 

 liea,ds cariipanulate or sometimes nearly cylindric; bracts imbricated,' the' 

 outer much shorter, ovate, the inner lanceolate, all more or less.floocose tri' 

 the. margins', especially when young, and with a narrow glandular, ridge, all 

 b.iit the innermost tipped with a weak, erect or slightly spreading spine: 

 corolla i-oseibr reddish-purple: achenes striate; pappus plumose. (C. FUd- 

 mareiiRydb. Mem. N. y. Bot.'Gard. 451. 1900; C. oblanceoMus'RyAh.'BnW'. 

 Torr. Bpt. Club 28: "516. 1901.) — Wyoming tc/'New' Mexico and eastward to 

 the Missouri. ;" 



, 92. CICHORIUM L. Chicory , 



Erecti herbs, the leaves mostly near the base, those of the stiff branching 

 stem reduced arid bract-like. Receptacle without bracts. Bracts of the ob- 

 long involucre herbaceous,' in 2 Series; the outer soinewhat spreading; the' 

 inner erebt, the loWer part half infolding the marginal aChenes. Achenes 

 5-angled, trUricate, beakless. Pappus of 1-3' series of short blunt scales. ■ 



