SYNOPSIS OF ORDERS AND FAMILIES. 
Tor 
AMERICAN REDSTART. CHAT. 
Family 60. WARBLERS. MNIOTILTIDA. 
Bill, in most of the species, slender, sharply pointed, and without a notch or hook at 
the tip; in the genera Wlsonia and Setophaga, flat and flycatcher-like; in Icteria stout; 
back of tarsus compressed into a thin ridge; three outer primaries of nearly equal 
length. 
AMERICAN PIPIT, 
Family 61. WAGTAILS. MOTACILLIDA. 
Hind toe-nail much lengthened; bill slender, nostril not covered with bristles, as in 
true Larks; back of tarsus thin, not rounded; terrestrial, walking with a wagging 
motion of the tail. 
AMERICAN DIPPER. 
Family 62. DIPPERS. CINCLIDA. 
Thick-set birds with short wings and tail; plumage thick and water-proof; tarsus 
scaled; semi-aquatic in habit, haunting mountain streams. 
38 
