Auks, Murres, and Puffins. 
“& 27. Black Guillemot (Cepphus grylie). L. 13. Ads., 
summer. Black; greater wing-coverts white, black at 
base; under surface of wings white. Winter. Above 
gray or black tipped with white; below white. ‘ 
Range.—Coasts of northern Europe and North Atlantic; in Ameri- 
ca breeds from Knox Co., Maine north to southern Greenland, win- 
ters south to Quebec and Massachusetts; rarely to Toronto, Con- 
necticut, and Long Island. vee 
28. Mandt Guillemot (Cepphus mandti’), Similar 
to No. 27, but bases of greater wing-coverts white. 
Range.—Arctic regions; breeds from Labrador and Hudson Bay 
north to northern Greenland and northern Alaska; in winter migrates 
but little southward; no satisfactory United States record. dae 
29. Pigeon Guillemot (Cepphus columba). Similar 
to No. 27, but inner surface of wings sooty gray. Notes. 
A squealing, vibrant whistle. 
Range.—North Pacific; breeds from Santa Catalina Island north to 
Bering Strait, west through Aleutian Islands to Kamchatka and 
northern Japan; winters in same region. 
v¥ 30. Murre (Uria troile). L. 16; B. 1.7. Ads., sum- 
mer. Above and neck sooty brown; under parts and 
tips of secondaries white; sides with blackish streaks. 
Winter. Similar, but throat white washed with sooty. 
Notes. A hoarse murre and equawking a-r-r-r-r-7-7h. 
Range.—North Atlantic; breeds in North America from Bird Rock, 
Magdalen Islands, north to southern Greenland; winters south to 
Maine and, rarely, Ontario. 
30a. California Murre (U. ¢. californica). Similar 
to No. 30 but larger, W. 8. 2; B. 1. 9. 
Range.—North Pacific; breeds from Pribilof Islands south to Farall- 
ones; winters south to southern California. gate: 
31a. Brunnich Murre (Uria Jomovia). Similar to 
No. 30, but bill shorter, B. 1.2. In summer, 
head and throat browner, lower mandible swollen at 
sides and grayish at base. 
Range.—North Atlantic and eastern Arctic; breeds in North Amer- 
Ica from Bird Rock, Magdalen Islands, north to Greenland; winters 
south to New Jersey and along St. Lawrence to Lakes Champlain and 
Ontario, rarely to Lake Michigan. 
31. Pallas Murre (U.2. arrz). Similar to No. 
31, but larger; W. 8.6; B. 1.5. Notes. ‘A peculiar 
growling or hoarse chattering note.’’ (Nelson.) 
Range.—North Pacific; south to Kadiak and Kamchatka. 
32. Razor-billed Auk (4ica torda). L. 16.5. 
Ads., summer. Above sooty black, foreneck browner; 
tips of secondaries, line from bill to eye, and under 
parts, white. MWenter. Similar, but foreneck white. 
. Yang. Similar to winter ad. but without eye line. Notes. 
A hoarse ue or groan. 
Range.—North Atlantic; breeds from Bird Rock, Magdalen Islanis, 
north to Greenland; winters south to Long Island and, rarely, to On- 
tario and North Carolina. 
33. Great Auk (Plautus impennis). L. 20; W. 5. 7. 
Ads. Above blackish; a large white spot before the 
eye; secondaries tipped with white; sides of neck and 
the throat seal brown; belly, white. Resembling No. 
32 in general appearance but body much larger; wing, 
however, shorter. 
Range.—Formerly, the coasts and islands of North Atlantic, south on 
American side to Florida (in winter?)s now extinct. 
48 
