Gulls. 
“ 58. Laughing Gull (Larus airicilla). L. 16. Ads., 
summer. Head dark slate; tail white; bill with red- 
dish. Ads., winter. Similar, but head and throat 
white with grayish on nape and behind eyes.. Yung. 
Tail grayish with a broad black band; nape and back 
ashy brown; forehead and under parts white. Notes. 
A nasal cow-ow, also cuk-cuk-cuk, and a high, long- 
drawn laugh. 
Range.—Eastern North America; breeds from Texas and Florida to 
Maine and Nova Scotia; rare in interior; winters from South Carolina 
tonorthern South America. 
Sh ry 59. Franklin Gull (Larus franklini). L.15. Ads., 
summer. Breast with a rosy tinge; outer primaries with 
wide black spaces near ends, bordered at base and tip 
with white. Ads., winter. ‘‘Head mainly white, with 
[its] sides and back grayish dusky.”” Yung. ‘‘Top and 
sides of head and back grayish brown; quills dusky, 
tipped with white; tail with subterminal band of dusky; 
eae tail, under parts, forehead, and eyelids white.’’ 
ailey. 
( OE in of North America; breeds from Iowa and Minneso- 
ta northward to Great Bear Lake; winters from west Gulf States to 
South America. 
* 60. Bonaparte Gull (Larus philadelphia). L. 14. 
Ads., summer. Outer web of outer primaries and tip 
black; inner web and shaft white; billblack. Ads., win- 
ter. Similar, but throat and head white, its back 
grayish. Yung. Tail white, tipped with black; outer 
primary black, inner two-thirds of inner web and space 
near tits white; rest of plumage much asin young of No. 
8. 
Ps Nee America; breeds In {nterlor from Hudson Bay and 
Manitoba west to the Yukon; winters from British Columbia and 
Maine to Lower California and Gulf of Mexico. 
61. Ross Gull (Rhodostethia rosea). L. 13.5: 
Bill small.7; middle tail feathers longest. Ads., summer. 
White areas tinged with pink; a black collar. Ads., 
winter. No collar; a black spot before eye. Yang. 
Lesser coverts black, margined with whitish; tail 
white, central feathers tipped with black; back pearl; 
ear spot and space about eye dusky; crown white, 
washed with pearl. 
Range.—‘‘Arctic regions; south in autumn and winter to Kamchat- 
ka, Point Barrow, Alaska, and Disco Bay, Greenland.’’ (A. O. U.) 
62. Sabine Gull (Xema_ sabimi). L. 14, Tail 
slightly forked. Ads., summer. Head and _ throat 
slaty black, margined behind with black; bill black, 
tipped with pelle outer primaries black, small tip and 
inner half of inner web white. Ads., winter. Similar, 
but head and throat white; nape region dusky. Yang. 
Tail white, tipped with black; crown and back ashy 
brown; ferehead and underparts white. Notes. ‘A 
single harsh grating note.’’ (Nelson.) 
Range —Arctic reglons; breeds In America from St. Michaels, 
Alaska and Melville Bay, Greenland, northward; winters south on At- 
lantic coast, rarely to New York; casually to Texas, and on Pacific 
coast to Peru. 
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