SYNOPSIS OF ORDERS AND FAMILIES OF NORTH 
AMERICAN BIRDS. 
The figures are all life-size, except as stated. 
WATER BIRDS. 
ORDER I. Grepes, Loons, anpD AuKks. PYGOPODES. 
(3 families, 32 species, 3 subspecies.) 
Duck-like birds with the bill usually pointed, never wider than hich, 
and without flutings, ‘gutters,’ or serrations on its side; wings short, 
never with a bright colored patch or ‘speculum’; tail rudimentary, not 
noticeable; toes webbed or lobed. Color usually blackish above, white 
below; the throat often dark. The Grebes and Loons, when pursued, 
dive rather than fly; the Auks usually take wing. 
PIED-BILLED GREBE. 
Family 1. GREBES. PODICIPIDA. 
Toes four, with lobate webs; tipped with a broad nail; tail wanting. 
FOOT OF RAZOR-BILLED AUK. 
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