* 163. American Scoter (O:demia americana). L. 109. 
Feathers at base of bill not extending forward on sides 
ortop. Ad. go’. Wholly black; bill black, yellow at 
base. Ad. . Brownish above, lighter below; no 
white on wing or on sides of head. Notes. <A long 
musical whistle. Elliot.) 
Range.—Northern North America; breeds from Labrador and Alas- 
kan shores of Bering Sea northward; winters south to Virginia, Great 
Lakes, Colorado, and California. 
165. White-winged Scoter (Ordemia deglandt). 
L..22. A white patch on wing; feathers extending 
forward along sides and top of bill nearly to nostrils. 
Ad. 3S. Black, a white spot about eye; bill orange, 
black at base. 4d. 9. Dusky brown above; lighter 
See Yung. f\. Similar but sides and front of head 
whitish. 
Range.—Northern North America; breeds from Labrador and North 
Dakota northward; winters south to Virginia, southern Illinois, and 
Lower California. 
® 166. Surf Scoter (Oidemia perspicillata). L. 20, 
Feathers extending forward on top of bill. Ad. o. 
Black, nape and crown white; bill orange, yellow, and 
white, a round black patch on its sides. Ad. Q. 
Above black, throat and breast paler; belly whitish; 
a whitish patch at base of bill. Yxg. Similar but 
with white patches on ears. 
Range.—Northern North America; breeds from Newfoundland 
northward; winters south to Virginia, Florida, Illinois, and Lower Cal- 
ifornia. 
177. Black-bellied Tree Duck (Dendrocrgna au- 
tumnalis). L. 22. Ads. Belly and tail coverts dlack; 
foreback and breast gray; greater wing-coverts 
whitish. Nofes. A shrill whistle. (Elliot.) 
Range.—Tropical America north to southern Texas. 
178. Fulvous Tree Duck (Dendrocygna fulva). 
L. 22. Ads. Belly uniform rusty brown; upper tail 
coverts white; a black streak on hindneck; no white in 
wing. Notes. A squealing whistle. 
Range.—Tropical America, north In summer to Texas, Louisiana, 
Nevada and central California, ‘Casual in North Carolina and 
Missouri."’ (A. O. U.) 
83 
Ducks. 
