Rails. 
211. Clapper Rail, Marsh Hen (Rallus crepitans). 
L. 14.5; W.5;B. 2.5. Ads. Above pale olive bor- 
dered by gray; wing-coverts pale grayish brown; 
breast pale cinnamon; flanks barred gray and white. 
Notes. Ghak, ghak, ghak, at first loud and rapid, 
ending lower hod clowers 
Range.—Salt marshes of the Atlantic coast; breeds from North 
Carolina to Connecticut; winters from Long Island (rarely) south- 
ward, north casually to Massachusetts; south casually to Louisiana. 
21 ta. Louisiana Clapper Rail (R. c. saturatus). 
Similar to No. 211, but above rich brown edged with 
olive; breast darker cinnamon; bill more slender, 2.3. 
Range.—Coast of Louisiana. ! 
21tb. Scott Clapper Rail (R.¢. scott?). Simi- 
lar to No. 211, but much darker; sooty brown or black 
above edged with olive-brown or olive-gray; breast 
and neck cinnamon, washed with brownish; flanks 
brown and white. Darkest bird of group. 
Range.—Gulf coast of Florida. 
21 1c. Wayne Clapper Rail (R. ¢. wayner).  Sim- 
ilar to No. 211, but darker, back rich olive-brown 
edged with gray; breast more ashy. 
Range.—Atlantic coast, North Carolina to eastern Florida. 
211.2. Caribbean Clapper Rail (Rallus longiros- 
tris caribeus). L.14; W.5.7;B.2.4. Ads. Above 
olive-brown edged with olive-ashy; breast cinnamon; 
flanks brown and white. 
Range:—West Indies; coast of southeastern Texas (and north- 
eastern Mexico?). 
214. Carolina Rail (Porzana carolina). L. 8.5; B.8. 
Ads. Region-about base of bill black. Yung. Simi- 
lar, but no black about base of bill; breast more cinna- 
mon. Notes. Calls, Auk or peep; song, ker-wee; and a 
high, rolling whinny. 
Range. North America; breeds from Long Island, I!linois, Kansas, 
and southern California, north to Newfoundland, Hudson Bay region, 
and British Columbia; winters from South Carolina, southern Illinois, 
and northern California south to South America. 
216. Little Black Rail (Porzana jamaicensis). L. 53 
B.6. Ads. Head, breast, and belly slate; back blackish 
brown barred with white: nape reddish brown. Notes. 
Probably, hek-hik-kik, queéah, or hek-hi-kt-hi, hi, queéah, 
or variants. (Brewster.) 
Range.—‘‘Temperate North America north to Massachusetts, north- 
ern Illinois, and Oregon: south to West Indies and Guatemala.’’ (A. 
O.U.) Probably breeds throughout its North American range (Con- 
necticut, Illinois, Kansas). 
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