Woodpeckers. ‘ 
412. Southern Flicker (Colaptes auratus). Small- 
er than No. 412a, W. 5.6. 
Range.—Southeastern United States north to South Carolina. 
Y\412a, Northern Flicker (C, a. luteus). L.13; W. 
6.4. Crown bluish gray; throat pinkish brown;, a 
scarlet nape-band; lining of wings and tail yellow. Ad. 
6. With black patches on the sides of the throat. 
Ad. 8. Without black throat patches. Notes. A loud, 
emphatic keé-ver; a low chuckle when taking flight; a 
weéchew repeated and used only when two or more birds 
are together; and a mellow cah-cah-cah-cuih, repeated, 
doubtless a song. 
Range.—Eastern North America west to the Rocky Mountains ‘an 
Alaska; rare on the Pacific coast; apparently hybridizing with No. 413 
at the western border of its range. 
“ 413. Red-shafted Flicker (Colaptes cafer collaris). 
L. 13. No red nape band; crown brownish; throat 
bluish gray; lining of wings and tail reddish. Ad. of. 
Patches at side of throat red. 4d. ‘9. No red throat 
patches. Notes. Resemble those of No. 412. 
Range.—Western United States, except northwest coast region; 
east to the Rocky Mountain region; apparently hybridizing with’ No. 
412 at the eastern border ofits range. 
'413a. Northwestern Flicker (C. c. saturatior). 
Similar to No. 413, but much darker throughout, back 
vinous-brown. 
Range.—Pacific coast region; reed FG Oregon Rone to avis 
ern Alaska; winters south to northwest California. 
414, Gilded Flicker (Colaptes chrysoides). L. 123 
W. 5.7. Crown cinnamon; under surface of wings 
and tail yellow. Ad. i. No red band on nape; throat 
bluish gray, its sides with a red patch. Ad. qe No 
red on sides of throat. Notes. ‘Resemble those of No. 
412. (Bendire.) 
Range.—'‘Central and-southern Arizona from rae 34° to southern 
Sonora, and Lower California south of Lat. 30° (A. O. U. 
414a. Brown Flicker (C. c. brunnescens)... Simi- 
lar to No. 414, but slightly smaller; upperparts darker. 
(Anthony). 
Range.—Lower California north of Lat. 30° 
415. Guadalupe Flicker (Colaptes rufipileus). Sim- 
ilar to No. 413, but bill 1.6 or more, more slender, 
wing averaging less than 6.2; crown cinnamon-brown; 
rump vinaceous-white. (Ridgw.) 
Range.—Guadalupe Island, Lower California. 
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