Goatsuckers. 
416. Chuck-will’s-widow (Axtrostomus carolinensis). 
L. 12. Mouth bristles with fine, hair-like branches 
near their base. Ad. ¢’. End half of outer tail- 
feathers white, rusty, and black on outer webs; chin chiefly 
rusty; throat-patch buffy. Ad. 9. No white in tail. 
Notes. A loudly whistled chuck-will’s-widow, repeated 
many times. 
Range.—South Atlantic and Gulf States; breeds north to Virginia 
and Illinois; west to Kansas and central Texas; winters from southern 
Florida southward. 
+ 417. Whip-poor-will (Axtrostomus vociferus).  L. 
9.7- Mouth bristles without branches. Ad. 3’. Three 
outer tail-feathers broadly tipped with white: white on 
inner vane of outer feather 1.4 or more wide; throat 
patch white; chin chiefly black. Ad. 2. Three outer 
tail-feathers narrowly tipped with rusty buff; throat 
patch rusty buff. Notes. A rapid, vigorous, whistled 
whip-poor-will, repeated many times. 
Range.—Eastern North America, west to the Plains; breeds from 
Gulf States north to New Brunswick and Manitoba; winters from 
Gulf States southward. 
417a. Stephens Whip-poor-will (4. v0. macromy- 
stax). Similar to No. 417, but slightly larger, W. 6.5; 
mouth bristles much longer; male with throat-patch 
rusty; white on inner web ot outer feather Jess than 1.3 
wide. 
Range.—‘‘Arizona, New Mexico, and southwestern Texas, south 
over mountains bordering tablelands of Mexico to Guatemala.’’ 
(Bailey.) 
418. Poor-will (Phalenoptilus nuttalli). L. 7.7. 
Primaries rusty barred with black. Ad. @. Three 
outer tail-feathers evenly tipped with white; a large 
white throat patch; plumage above suggesting in color 
the wings of certain moths. Ad. 2. Similar, but tail- 
tips buffy. Notes. Variously rendered poor-will, cow- 
day, pearl-rob-it, puir-whee-er. 
Range.—Western United States; breeds from Kansas, Nebraska, 
and Dakota west to eastern slope of Sierra Nevadas: north to Mon- 
tana and British Columbia; winters from Mexican border southward. 
418a. Frosted Poor-will (‘P. 2. tidus). Similar 
to No. 418, but paler, the upperparts especially whiter, 
more frosty. 
Range.—‘'Texas to Arizona and from western Kansas south to 
northern Mexico,"’ (Bailey.) Lower Califorr ia. 
418b. California Poorwill (P. 1. californicus). 
Similar to No. 418, but darker. 
Range.—Breeds on coast of California, north to Butte County; 
winters from southern California southward. 
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