Perching Birds Marked. With Red. 
499, Bicolored Blackbird (Agelaius gubernator 
californicus), Ad. 3. Similar to No. 498, but median 
wing-coverts darker and broadly tipped with black, 
concealing as arule, their brownish bases. Ad. @. 
Very different from 2 of No. 498; above and below 
blackish slightly edged with rusty. Notes. Similar in 
character to those of No. 498, but with easily recogniz- 
able differences. (See page 178.) 
Range.—Pacific coast; breeds from northern Lower California 
northward, west of Slerra Nevada and Cascade ranges, to Washing- 
ton; migratory at north part of range. 
500. Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor). 
Ad. 3. Similar to No. 498, but glossier, lesser wing- 
coverts darker, median wing-coverts whzte; in winter 
black more or less edged with grayish brown; median 
wing-coverts dingy. 4d. 2. No rusty; above black- 
ish edged with grayish; below black bordered with 
whitish. Notes. ‘‘Said to be quite different’ from 
those of No. 498. (Bendire.) (See page 178.) 
Range.—Northem Lower California north to southern Oregon; local 
in valleys of interior. 
523. Aleutian Leucosticte (Leucosticte griseonucha). 
Like No. 524a, but much darker, breast chestnut- 
chocolate; larger, W. 4.4. 
Range.—Islands of Bering Sea (resident); In winter, Shumagin 
Islands, lower portion of Aliaska Peninsula and Kadiak Island. 
524. Gray-crowned Leucosticte (Leucosticte tephro- 
cotis). L. 6.7; W. 4.1. Ad. f. Reddish brown 
more or less tipped with grayish; rump, upper tail- 
coverts, lesser wing-coverts, outer edges of primaries, 
and lower belly tipped with pk; forecrown black; 
hindhead gray; cheeks down to blackish throat browit. 
Ad. @. Similar but duller. Yung. Nearly uniform 
brownish; margins of primaries showing some 
pink. Notes. A quick alarm note, qu, quz. (Silloway.) 
Range.—Western United States; breeds in higher parts of Sierra 
‘Nevada of California, from Mt. Shasta south to Mt. Whitney, and on 
White Mountains (Grinnell); northin Rocky Mountains to British 
Columbia; in winter east to Manitoba, Colorado, and Nebraska. 
524a, Hepburn Leucosticte (L. ¢. iittoralis). Sim- 
ilar to No. 524, but cheeks gray like hindhead; throat 
often grayish. © 
Range.—Higher mountains of Washington and British Columbia; 
north to Alaska; winters south to Colorado and, on Pacific Coast, as 
far north as Kadiak Island. 
525. Black Leucosticte (Leucosticte atrata). Simi- 
lar to No. 524, but brown replaced by brownish_ black 
in Ad. 3’, or dusky slate brownish in Ad. 2 and Yung. 
Range.—Breeds on higher mountains of Idaho and Wyoming; 
-winters south to Colorado and Utah. 
526. Brown-capped Leucosticte (Leucosticte aus- 
tralis). Resembles No. 524, but little or no gray on 
hindhead, the black of forehead passing gradually into 
brown of nape and back. 
Range.—Breeds in mountains of Colorado at about 12000 feet alti- 
tude, winters at lower altitudes and south to New Mexico. 
179 
