Perching Birds Marked With Chestnut or Reddish Brown. 
596. Black-headed Grosbeak (Zamelodia melano- 
cephala). L.8.1. Ad. . Black; neck-ring, rump, 
back-streaks and underparts bright cinnamon; center 
of belly and under wing-coverts yellow; patch in wing, 
wing-bars and tips of inner vanes of outer tail-feathers 
white. In winter tipped with brown above and on 
breast below with black spots. Ad. 9. Under wing- 
coverts yellow as in <j’; above as in No. 595; below 
less streaked, breast buff. Yug. gd’. Like @ but 
breast deeper buff; few streaks below; sides of crown 
blacker. Notes. Call and song like those of the Rose- 
breasted Grosbeak, but the latter more fluent. 
Range.—Western United States, east to the Plains; breeds from 
Mexico north to Dakota and British Columbia; winters south of 
United States into Mexico. 
7 
61. American Robin (Merula migratoria). L. 10; 
W. 4.9; T. 3.8. Outer tail-feathers with white tips. 
Ad. 3. Breast and belly rich rust-brown; above dark 
slaty, head and spots in back black. Ad. 2. Similar 
but paler below, little or no black above. Wéanter. 
Underparts margined with whitish; black above more 
or less concealed by ashy. Notes. Calls, varied and 
characteristic; song, a loud, hearty, cheer-up cheeritly, 
cheerily, cheertly, repeated and varied. 
Range.—Eastern North America, west to the Rockies, northwest to 
Alaska; breeding south to Virginia and, in the mountains, Georgia; 
winters from northern States southward. 
761a. Western Robin (M. m. propinqua). Similar 
to No. 761, but no white tips to Gitteathers: Ad. g. 
Without black spots in back. 
Range.—Western United States, from the eastern base of the Rocky 
Mountains west to the Pacific; breeds from the southern end of the 
Mexican tableland north to British Columbia; winters from Oregon 
and southern Colorado southward. : 
761b. Southern Robin (MM. m. achrustera).  Simi- 
lar to No. 761, but smaller and in general much lighter 
and duller; W. 4.7: T. 3.5. (Batchelder.) 
Range.—Carolinas and eorgia, except mountainous districts, 
lowlands ot Virginia. 
762. St. Lucas Robin (Merula confinis). Resemb- 
ling No. 761 in plan of coloration but everywhere 
much paler; breast and belly buff; no black in head. 
Range.—Cape Region of Lower California. 
763. Varied Thrush (/xoreus nevius). L. 10; W. 
4.7. Ad. 3. Below rust-brown, belly whiter, a 
broad black breast-band; above slaty, line behind eye 
and bars in wing rusty; outer tail-feathers with white 
tips. In winter washed with brownish above; breast 
band with rusty. Ad. 2. Paler below, breast-band 
faintly indicated; above washed with brownish. Notes. 
Song, a weird vibrant, long-drawn whistle repeated 
on‘different notes. 
Range.— Pacific coast from higher mountains of northern California 
north to Alaska; south in winter along the coast. 
763a. Pale Varied Thrush (J. x. meruloides). Sim- 
jlar to No. 763, but wing longer, 5.1; 2 paler and 
grayer. (Grinnell.) 
Range.—Interlor of British Columbia north to north Alaska; south 
in winter, through interior, to southern California. 
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