Perching Birds Chiefly Gray, Black, or Black and White, 
GRAY-HEADED, BROWN-BACKED JUNCOS. 
569. Gray-headed Junco (Juco caniceps). L. 6.5; 
W. 3.2; T. 2.9. Ads. Head, breast and sides gray; 
back reddish brown; zo reddish brown on wings; three 
outer tail-feathers with white; wpper and lower mandi- 
bles pinkish. 
Range.—Breeds In mountains of southern Wyoming, Colorado, 
Utah, Nevada, and northern New Mexico. (Ridgw.) , 
570. Arizona Junco (Junco phaonotus palliatus), 
L. 6.5; W. 3.2; T. 2.9. Ads. Head gray; underparts 
grayish white; back, and to a greater or less extent, 
wing-coverts and fertials, reddish brown; three outer 
tail-feathers with white; iris yellow; upper mandible 
blackish, lower yellowish. Notes. Calls, resemble 
those of No. 567; song suggests that of Song Sparrow. 
Range.— Breeds in mountains of southern Arizona and southward. 
570a. Red-backed Junco (Junco dorsalis) L. 6.7; 
W. 3.33 T.3. Ads. Head gray; underparts grayish 
white; back reddish brown; zo reddish brown on wings; 
three outer tail-feathers with Ww hite; upper mandible 
blackish, lower flesh-color; iris “‘brown.”’ 
Range,— Breeds on high mountains of New Mexico and central 
Arizona; winters south to northern Mexico and western Texas. 
BLACK-HEADED JUNCOS. 
567a. Oregon Junco (funco oreganus). L. 6.2; 
W. 3. Ad. o’, summer. Head, neck, throat and 
breast black sharply defined from the mahogany brown 
back, third outer tail-feather with little or no white; 
sides washed with pinkish brown. Ad. Q, summer. 
Head and breast grayer, back paler. Ads. winter. 
Back deeper,the head and neck more or less tipped with 
brown, the breast with gray, these areas less sharply 
defined from the back and belly 
Range.—Pacific coast; breeds from ee he British Columbia to 
Alaska; winters south to California. 
—Shufeldt Junco (J. 0. shufeldti). Similar to No. 
567a, but larger, W. 3.1, brown of back less intense. 
Range. —Pacific coast; breeds from Oregon north to British Colum- 
bia (and eastward in humid regions to Montana?); winters south to 
northern Mexico. 
567b. Coues Junco (/. 0. connectens). Similar to 
shufeldt’, but back paler, brownish gray, breast grayer, 
sides with less pinkish brown, head and breast still 
sharply defined from adjacent areas. 
Range,—Breeds in the interior of British Columbia and probably in 
arid districts southward (breeding areas not definitely known); winters 
southward doubtless to Mexican boundary. 
567c. Thurber Junco (J. o. thurber?). Similar to 
No. 567, but back much paler, a bright pinkish brown; 
head and breast black as in No. 567. 
Range.—Breeds in mountains from southern Oregon south to 
southern California; east to western Nevada. 
567d. Point Pinos Junco (/. 0. prwosus). Similar 
to No. 567c, but throat and breast slate-color. 
Range.—Santa Cruz district of California; breeds from King 
Mountain, south at least to Point Sur, County; wanders eastward 
in winter into Santa Clara and San Benito Valleys. (Grinnell.) 
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