Perching Birds Chiefly Gray, Black, or Black and White. 
730a. White-naped Nuthatch (S. p. leuconucha). 
Similar to No. 730, but bill larger, crown grayer, back 
less bluish gray, nape patch more conspicuous, under- 
parts white with scarcely more than a trace of buffy. 
(Ridgw.) 
Range.—Lower California. 
444. Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus). L. 8.5. Tail 
tipped with white. Ads. Above slaty, crown blacker 
with an orange patch. Yung. Similar, but no crown- 
patch. Notes. An unmusical, steely chatter. ‘“‘A 
soft and very pleasing song,’ heard only in the early 
morning. (O. T. Miller.) 
Range.—North America, breeds from Florida north to New Bruns- 
wick and Manitoba, and from eastern Texas northwest to Utah, Ne- 
vada, northeast California and western British Columbia; winters 
south of United States, to Central and South America. 
445. Gray Kingbird (Tyrannus dominicensis.) L. 
9. Ads. No white tip on tail; an orange crown-patch; 
under wing-coverts sulphur; ear-coverts black; above 
gray; below white. Notes. A loud, chattering, 
pitirrd, pitirre. 
Range.—West Indies, breeding north through Florida along the 
coast to South Carolina; winters in Lesser Antilles, Mexico, and Cen- 
tral America. 
701. American Dipper; Water Ouzel (Cizzclus mexe- 
canus). L. 8 Ads. Slaty gray, head and neck 
browner. In winter more or less tipped with whitish. 
Notes. Song, remarkably sweet and lively, in modula- 
tion resembling somewhat that of Brown Thrasher, 
but less powerful though sweeter in effect. (Ridg- 
way.) all, a sharp, pebbly cack-cackh-cack. 
Range.—‘‘The mountainous parts of central and western North 
America, from the Yukon Valley and Unalaska to Guatemala; east in 
the United States, to the eastern base of the Rocky mountains. 
Apparently resident throughout its range.’’ (A. O. U.) 
704. Catbird (Galeoscoptes carolinensis). L. 8.9. 
Ads. Slaty gray, cap and tail black, under tail-coverts 
reddish chestnut. Notes. Call, a whining, nasal tchay; 
song, rich, musical, and varied. 
Range.—North America; west to British Columbia and rarely Pa- 
cific coast states: breeds from the Gulf States north to New Bruns- 
wick and the Saskatchewan; winters from Gulf States southward. 
754. Townsend Solitaire (Myadestes townsendi?). L. 
8.5. Ads. Brownish gray; eye-ring, tips of outer 
tail-feathers, a narrow wing-bar white; wing with a 
buff band showing in flight. Notes. Song, a rich, 
flowing, Grosbeak-like warbling, sung with great 
vigor and freedom and often for comparatively long 
periods. 
Range.—'‘ Western United States, from the Plains westward to the 
Pacific coast, north to British Columbia and south in winter to the 
southern border of Arizona and northern Lower California; breeds 
from the mountains of New Mexico, southern Arizona, and central 
California northward.” 
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