Perching Birds Chiefly Gray, Black, or Black and White. 
605. Lark Bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys). L. 
7.2. Ad. 3. Black, patchin wing white, outer tail- 
feathers tipped, tertials margined with white. 4d. 9. 
Above grayish brown streaked with blackish; below 
white conspicuously streaked with black; all but cen- 
tral tail-feathers with white tips; broad wing-bars buff. 
Yung. 3. Variously intermediate between Ad. d'and 9. 
(See page 251). 
Range.—Western United States, chiefly east of Rockies; breeds 
from western Kansas and eastern Colorado, north to western Minne- 
sota and Assiniboia; wintersin Mexico; irregular west in migrations 
to Idaho and southern California. 
484. Canada Jay; Whiskey Jack (Perdsoreus cana- 
densis). L. 11.5. Ads. Black of hindhead reaching 
to back of eye; back, wings, and tail gray, belly lighter, 
throat white; forehead buffy white. Notes. ca-ca-ca 
and a number of peculiar sounds impossible to repro- 
duce on paper. (Bendire.) 
Range.—Eastern North America; Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, 
northern New England, northern New York, northern Michigan; 
northern Minnesota, north to Newfoundland and Hudson Bay region, 
west to the Rockies in Alberta. 
484a. Rocky Mountain Jay (P. c. capitalis). Sim- 
ilar to No. 484, but head white, black of hindhead 
grayer and not reaching to eye. 
Range. - Rocky Mountain region from New Mexico and Arizona 
north to Montana and Idaho. 
484b. Alaskan Jay (P. c. fumifrons). Very near to 
No. 484, but forehead averaging more yellowish. 
Range. - Alaska; Interlor and west to Cook Inlet, north of southern 
coast region. 
484c. Labrador Jay (P. c. nigricapillus). Similar 
to No. 484, but black of hindhead deeper and reaching 
forward as a well defined ring around the eye; below 
browner. 
Range.—Labrador. 
485. Oregon Jay (Perisoreus obscurus). Similar to 
No. 484, but back feathers with ight shaft streaks, fore- 
head less white, underparts nearly uniform white. 
Range.—Pacific coast from northern California to southern British 
Columbia. 
485a. Gray Jay (P. o. griseus). Similar to No. 
485, but larger and grayer; back, etc., deep mouse 
gray, instead of brown; below grayish white instead of 
brownish white. (Ridgw.) j 
Range.—British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and northern 
California, east of Coast and Cascade Ranges. (Ridgw.) 
491. Clarke Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana). 
L. 12. Ads. Gray; wings and middle tail-feathers 
black, tips of secondaries and outer tail-feathers white. 
Notes. A loud, harsh, car-r-car-r. 
Range. — Mountains of western North Americo, from northern _Low- 
er California, Arizona and New Mexico, north to northern Alaska: 
casually east to Mississippi Valley. 
252 
