Varieties of the Dog. f 
which combine towards the essential qualities of the 
breed, viz., strength, speed, and endurance. A black 
nose is common to the liver and white pointer, but it is 
disastrous to the lemon and white in the show ring. 
The head of the pointer should be large but not 
heavy, wide across the ears, and showing a raised fore- 
head. The nose should be long and broad, with its front 
outline square, the teeth being even. ‘This marks the . 
pointer from the hound, whose nose has a tendency to 
slope towards the throat, the extreme of which is called 
the “pig’s snout.” The lips should be well marked, 
without running into the flews of the bloodhound. Ears 
long, soft, and thin, set on low down, and carried quite 
close to the cheeks. Eyes moderately large, soft, and 
intelligent, the colour varying from buff to dark brown 
according to that of the coat. A peculiarly rounded out- 
line on the upper side of the neck marks the well-bred 
pointer, which can scarcely be described in words. No 
throatiness is allowable, as it indicates too much of the 
Spanish strain. This poznt should be divided as follows :— 
Skull, 10; nose, 10; ears, 5 ; neck, 5—total, 30 
The frame may be divided into loin, hind quarter, 
shoulders, and chest. The loin, which with the hind 
quarter constitutes the propelling powers, must be well 
arched, broad, and deep, and strongly united to the ribs 
in front, and to the couples behind, which latter should 
be wide and somewhat ragged. Next in importance are 
the shoulders, upon the obliquity of which depends the 
elasticity of the action, while they must be well clothed 
with muscle, to enable the dog to keep up for many 
hours in succession. The chest must be full, but not so 
much so as that of the old barrel-shaped Spanish pointer, 
the back ribs being required to be very deep. Hind 
quarters well bent at the stifles, provided with strong 
hocks, and clothed with powerful muscles. In estima- 
ting these fomnts, I should give to the shoulders and 
chest, 15 ‘points ; back and hind quarters, 15 peinise= 
total, 30 points. 
Without the feet and legs the continued action of each 
dog must altogether be forbidden, as weakly-formed ones 
