Useful Companions of Man. 1 
pasterns short, toes long and close together ; nails strong, 
short, and mainly supporting the weight of the animal : 
tail long and shaped like a sickle; coat long, wavy and 
silky, curly only in places. The muscles of the shoulders, 
chest, and hind quarters are long and flat, roundness or 
convexity being objectionable. Average height of the 
dog 28 to 33 inches ; of the bitch 24 to 28 inches. The 
frill on the neck is long and rather curly, and the fore- 
legs are well-feathered. The hair on the hind quarters 
and tail is long ; curling is objectionable. 
The Circassian or Orloff Wolfhound is said to be 
derived from the Siberian, climatic and other influences 
combining to produce variations in form and colour. 
He is swifter than the Siberian, and said to be more 
intelligent. © 
As ornamental dogs these wolfhounds are graceful 
and dignified, and as companions, gentle, faithful, watch- 
full and obedient. 
The Pyrenean Wolfhound is a dog of stronger 
build, and somewhat shorter, suggesting a cross with the 
collie and deerhound. The breed is well adapted for 
the tending of mountain sheep, being employed with 
especial reference to warfare with wolves and foxes, the 
enemies of the flock. 
CHAPTER IV. 
USEFUL COMPANIONS OF MAN. 
Old English Mastiff—The Great Dane—Newfoundland—St, Bernard—Bulldog 
—Bull Terrier—Smooth English Terrier—Black and Tan English Terrier— 
. Rough or Broken Haired Terrier—Skye Terrier—Dandie Dinmont—Bed- 
lington Terrier—Irish Terrier—Welsh Terrier —Whippet—Bob-tailed Sheep 
Dog—Scotch Collie—Pomeranian or Spitz. 
Unpber this division are included those dogs which 
serve some purpose in their companionship, either as 
guards of man or his herds or flocks; thus, the New- 
foundland, the mastiff, the St, Bernard, the bulldog, the 
