118 Materia Medica. 
the nostrils will hasten the needed result. Older dogs 
often become experienced patients in deception, some- 
times feigning to swallow, and on their release will walk 
to a distance and calmly eject the pill, not simply once, 
but frequently. Some practitioners seize the jaws from 
above by the left hand, and press the cheeks on each 
side into the mouth, thus causing the animal to separate 
the jaws. It is obvious that only small dogs can be thus 
treated. Large animals are usually held between the 
knees, while assistants, by means of a tape or cord looped 
behind the tusks, forcibly separate the jaws. 
The Zlectuary is a semi-soft or pasty-preparation, the 
base of which is honey, treacle, &c., containing the need- 
ful remedy. Successive portions are placed on the 
tongue, which the creature seldom dislikes, and during 
the consequent insalivation pass to the stomach (see 
p- 128). 
The Draught.—This is a fluid mixture containing the 
requisite quantity of each remedy, the whole of which is 
to be given as one dose. A mixture is usually under- 
stood to be two, three, or more doses, for the apportion- 
ment of which specific directions are given. 
To administer a draught the operator proceeds as follows: 
Fairly manageable animals are taken on the knee by an 
assistant, who steadies the head by means of the left 
hand, the thumb being placed across the nose, and the 
fingers beneath the lower branches. The operator in- 
serts one finger of the left hand into the angle of the 
cheek of the right side, and drawing it away from the 
teeth a suitable pouch is formed, into which the fluid is 
poured in successive quantities as the animal swallows. 
Small and even some large dogs are often successfully 
managed by practitioners without any assistance. The 
medicine, being prepared, is put into a one or twoounce 
bottle, and manipulated by the right hand. The dog is 
raised to the knees, encircled by the left arm, and the 
nose firmly held by the left hand. The mouth of the 
bottle is placed within the angle of the lip of the right 
side, when the thumb presses from the outside, the-effect 
being to capture the cheek, draw it from the teeth, and 
