176 Diseases of the Respiratory Organs. 
severity of all symptoms, and the creature every hour 
becomes “more like himself.” In fatal cases prostration 
is soon manifested, with troubled respiration, indefinite 
pulsation, coldness, sinking and death. 
In Pneumonia, or Inflammation of the Lungs, 
the ear placed at the side of the chest detects a crackling 
sound within, and tapping the ribs with the fingers elicits 
a dull heavy sound. The breathing is rapid and op- 
pressed, the animal is unable to expand the lungs. A cough 
is present, not frequent but weak, and resembles a loud and 
forcible sigh; the expired air is also hotter than natural, 
and the pulse is rapid and oppressed ; the ears and ex- 
tremities are intensely cold, while the nose, instead of 
being hot and dry as in bronchitis, is very cold and moist 
or very wet. ‘The temperature is increased in the early 
active stages, but the tendency to congestion within the 
lung tissue creates a somewhat early decline, which 
denotes sinking and death. Before the end the sufferer 
persists in sitting on his haunches with his fore legs apart, 
and later he stands on all four legs, which are separated, 
until he drops dead. 
Pleurisy, Pleuritis, or Inflammation of the 
Pleura, che lining membrane of the chest as well as 
covering of the lungs, &c., has also its special significations. 
The breathing consists of a prolonged inspiration which 
is somewhat slowly and carefully performed, and a sharp 
or somewhat halting or jerky expiration. ‘he ear at 
the side detects in the first stages a sound of friction 
as the pleuree of the lungs and ribs rub over each other 
in breathing. Later, this sound is gradually lost, disap- 
pearing from the bottom upwards as the accumulation of 
serum proceeds. The effusion of lymph also, which takes 
place during the active stages, serves to deaden the sound 
by uniting the lungs to the side and limiting their move- 
ment. A cough is present from the first, but it is short, 
paroxysmal, and evidently arrested by the extremely 
painful condition of the parts involved. Pressure on the 
sides or between the ribs inflicts severe pain, and the 
muscles of the sides may be observed to twitch or con- 
tract quickly. The state of the circulation causes the 
