Diseases of the Generative System. 215 
caustics, the patient being meanwhile supported by good 
food and tonic medicines. 
Inversion or Prolapsus of the Vagina occurs in 
aged or debilitated animals during “heat,” and after 
frequent pregnancy, especially in those of the “ bull” 
breed. Protrusion appears in various stages as a smooth, 
soft tumour, between the lips of the. vagina, when careful 
distinction must be made, the appearances being liable 
to be confounded with tumour, or inversion of the womb 
(which see). 
Treatment consists of first clearing the organ from 
extraneous matters, and noting the existence of abrasions, 
&c., by the animal’s movements, or -sitting on it; after 
which it must be returned as described under Inversion 
of the Womb, its retention being also secured by the 
injection of astringents, as there detailed. 
Amputation of the Vagina is resorted to in cases 
where the organ has received severe injuries, &c., for 
which the canine surgeon will be required. 
The Use of the Catheter is often called for in the 
female during pregnancy, and prolapsus, polypus, &c., 
of the vagina, the act of urination being interfered 
with by pressure or change of position in the organs. 
The passage to the bladder is situated within the vagina, 
distant from half an inch to two inches, depending on 
the size of the animal, and is easily reached by first 
opening the lips by the finger of the left hand, and pass- 
ing the tube carefully forwards along the floor. Entrance 
to the bladder is denoted by the stream of urine which 
flows through the tube. 
Diseases of the Organs of Lactation.—Reten- 
tion of Milk.—The process of milk secretion in its 
ordinary course, is somewhat in advance of the period of 
parturition. The mammary glands, of which there are 
eight or ten, become charged with blood, and are per- 
ceptibly enlarged, extending from the breast backwards 
to the space between the thighs. Subsequently, near the 
time of delivery, milk is actually secreted in readiness 
for the young family shortly requiring it. Possibly the 
secretion may be somewhat in advance of birth, over- 
