THE TEMPERATURE 75 



that are shallow, therefore, are covered 

 with ice sooner than those which are deep. 

 That is why there is skating in St. James's 

 Park earlier than on the Serpentine. Also 

 it explains why, whilst the Scottish 

 Championship is run for on Lochleven, 

 Lochlomond is almost constantly free 

 from ice. Lochleven is so shallow that it 

 is covered with ice after frost of a few 

 days' duration ; Lochlomond is so deep 

 that long before the process of transfusion 

 has been sufficient the " cold snap " has 

 given way. In a lake inequalities of tem- 

 perature are produced also by the direct 

 action of the sun. When the sun beats 

 down upon the water the deeps are less 

 quickly warmed than the shallows ; and 

 the shallows on the south side, having no 

 backing of land to retain the heat, are less 

 quickly warmed than those of the north, 

 where, besides striking aslant upon the 

 water itself, the sunbeams beat directly 

 on the banks, by which part of their 

 warmth is caught and thrown upon the 

 lake. 



