PIN 



442 



PIN 



PfNDRow. See Plcea Pindrow. 



PInea. See Plnus Pinea. 



Pine. See Pinus. 



Pine-apple. See Anandssa. 



Pinace^;, or Conifers. These are noble tim- 

 ber trees, natives of various parts of the world, 

 but principally in the temperate and arctic 

 regions. Their timber is known by the names 

 of Deal, fir, pine, cedar, &c, and is highly 

 esteemed. 



PlNGufcuLA, Linn. From pinguid, fat ; in al- 

 lusion to the greasiness of the leaves. Linn. 

 2, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Lentibulariacece. Beautiful 

 little plants, but difficult to keep artificially. 

 P. grandifldra will succeed in common bog 

 soil. The other species require a shaded morass 

 to come to any perfection. P. vulgaris acts on 



. cow's-milk the same as common rennet. In 

 Sweden and Norway the milk of the Eeindeer 

 is poured on the leaves, and set aside for a 

 day or so, when it acquires consistence and 

 tenacity, and then neither the whey nor the 

 cream will separate, forming ». very grateful 

 food. 



alplna . . . White 



edentula . . Yellow 



grandiftbra . Blue 



lusitanica . Lilac 



latea . . . Yellow , 

 orchidioldes . Purple . 



vulg&ris . . Violet . 



4, H. Her. P. J Germany 1794 

 4, P. Her. P. 4 N. Amer. 1823 



4, H. Her. P. \ Britain, bogs. 

 6, H. Her. P. | Britain, bogs. 

 6, F. Her. P. i Carolina . 1816 



10, 8. Her. P. i Mexico . 1845 



5, H. Her. P. } Britain, bogs. 



PfNSUlN. See Bromelia Pinguin. 



Pinguis, fat, greasy. 



Pink. See Didnthus. 



PfNNiE, the leaflets of a pinnate leaf. 



Pinnate ; when a leaf is divided into numerous 

 small leaflets, as the leaves of the ash . 



Pinnately-ternate, having three leaflets dis- 

 posed in a pinnate manner. 



PiNNATfpiD, when a leaf is divided into lobes 

 from the margin nearly to the mid-rib. 



PiNNATfFlDLY-siNUATED, scolloped in » pinna- 

 tifid manner. 



Pinolia. See Eria. 



Pin-pill. See Op&ntia curassdvica. 



PinsApo. See Plcea Pinsapo. 



PInds, Linn. From pinos, a Greek word used 

 by Theophrastus to designate a pine-tree ; and 

 some authors derive it from the Celtic pin, or 

 pyn, a mountain or rock ; alluding to the 

 h'abitat of the -tree. Linn. 21, Or. 10, Nat. Or. 

 Pinacece. This much-esteemed and well-known 

 genus contains some of the trees of most uni- 

 versal use in civilised society, and form a 

 very important article of commerce both in 

 Europe and America. Most, if not all, of 

 the species are highly deserving of culture, 

 being very ornamental and beautiful in every 

 stage of their growth. They will succeed on 

 almost any kind of soil, but to bring the tim- 

 ber to its greatest state of perfection, a some- 

 what loamy and a cool subsoil are requisite. 

 Young plants may be obtained by a variety of 

 methods. All the species may be propagated 

 by layers, by inarching on nearly allied kinds, 

 by herbaceous grafting ; many may also be 

 increased by cuttings ; but the speediest way 

 is by seed, and which process we shall briefly 



notice. Iu some of the species the cones attain 

 their full size the first year, but, in most, uot 

 till the end of the second autumn. The cones 

 of P. sylvistris and the like, open of them- 

 selves shortly after being gathered from the 

 tree, and spread out in the sun ; but the cones 

 of P. Pindsler, P- Pinea, and similar kinds, 

 do not, though treated in the same manner, 

 open their scales for several months . The seed 

 should be sown on finely-prepared rather sandy 

 soil, in March or April. The seeds of the 

 most common kinds are always sown on beds, 

 and after being gently beaten down, are slightly 

 covered with light soil. The seeds of the rare 

 kinds are sown in pots filled with finely-pre- 

 pared soil, and when up, treated like other 

 hardy seedlings. For a great mass of other 

 useful information relative to these fine trees, 

 indeed, for every thing that it is necessary 

 to know respecting them, we refer the reader 

 to Loudon's Arboretum et Fruticetum Britan- 

 nicum, a work which ought to be in the hands 

 of every lover of hardy trees and shrubs. 



Under Pinus, we have included the genera 

 Abies and Plcea, of Don and other authors, 

 believing them to be so nearly akin as to ren- 

 der it unnecessary to keep them generically 

 distinct. We have, however, in this genus 

 departed a little from the original plan of the 

 work, by dividing it into Sections, so that 

 those who differ from us in opinion, will have 

 no difficulty in recognising the species of Abies 

 and Plcea of authors, every species of those 

 genera being retained alphabetically under the 

 respective Sections. 



Sect. I. PiNUS, Linn. Derivation same as 

 genus. Synonymes : 1, P. palustris ; 2, P. 

 genevensis; 3, P. oocarpa; i, P. Pindster Asm- 

 r\na ; 5, P. Lemoniana ; 6, P. ndva-zeldndica ; 

 7, P. echindta, P. uncinata; 8, P. rubra; 9,' 

 P. Edgaridna ; 10, P. monophplla, Llaveana ; 

 11, P. califbrnica. See Abies, Gidrus, Owming- 

 hdmia, Ddmmara, and L&rvx. 



albicaulis . 

 apulcensis 

 aristata . 

 australis 1 

 austriaca . 

 Banksiana 

 Beardsleyi 



. Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 6, 

 . Apetal 6, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 



Benthamiana Apetal 5, 



Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 



briltia 

 calif&rnica 



canariensis . Apetal 5. 

 Cembra . . Apetal 5.' 



helvetica 



pygmjea 



siblrica . 

 cembroldes 

 cornea 



Coulteri . 

 Craigiana 

 densinbra 

 Devoniana 



. Apetal 5, 

 . Apetdl 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 3, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 . Apetal 5, 

 Apetal 6, 



Ehrenbergii. Apetal 5, 



excelsa . , Apetal 6, 



Freemonti- ) . „„ f . - 



ana 10 . j- Apetal 5, 



filifdlia . . Apetal 5, 

 Gerardiana . Apetal 5, 

 Gordoniana . Apetal 5, 

 Grenvillese . Apetal 5, 

 Grfflithii . . Apetal 5, 



H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 F. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. 1. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 



H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 F. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 

 H. Ev. T. 



50 Oregon . . 



60 Mexico . . 1839 



6i) N. America 



60 N. America 1?30 



10 Austria . . 1835 



25 Huds. B. . 1785 



60 8. Fmciseo. 



200 California . 1847 

 50 Calabria 

 50 California . 1829 

 60 Canaries . 1815 

 60 Siberia . .1746 

 50 Switzerlnd. 1819 

 6 Siberia . . 

 60 Siberia . . 1746 

 20 Mexico . . 1845 

 80 



100 California . 1832 

 40 S. Frncisco. 

 SO Japan . . 1864 

 80 Mexico . . 1839 

 50 



150 Nepal . . 1823 



20 California . 1848 



60 Guatemala. 1849 

 40 E. Indies . 

 80 Mexico . . 1846 

 80 Mexico . . 1846 

 40 California . 



