STA 



534 



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cuttings, planted in sand, under a glass. The 

 annuals and biennials require to be treated as 

 other stove annuals and biennials. S. mutdbi- 

 lis is a handsome, ever-flowering shrub, the 

 leaves of which have been imported from South 

 America for the purpose of adulterating tea. 

 angustifblia . Blue . . 7, G. B. 1 S. Ainer. 



aristata . Purple . 9, S. Ev. S. 2 S. Amer. 1845 

 crassifolia . Violet . 6, S. Ev. S. 2 Brazil . 1S26 

 cayenniSnsis . Blue . , 5, S. Ev. S. 3 Cayenne . 1822 

 hirsutissima . Blue . . 4, S. Her. P. 2 Brazil . 1822 

 indioa . . . White . 8, S. A. 2 Ceylon . 1782 



jamaic&isis . Blue . . 7, S. B. 2 W. Ind. . 1714 



mutebilis . Orange . 6, S. Ev. S. 3 S. Amer. 1801 

 orubica . . Violet . 7, S. A. 3 Panama . 1695) 



prismStica . Blue . . 6, S. B. 2 W. Ind. . 1099 



urticifdlia . Blue . . 6, S. B. 2 S. Amer. 



umbrbsa . . Blue . . 5, S. Ev. S. 2 Cumana . 1829 

 Zuccagni . . Hose vio. 6, S. Ev. S. 2 . 1824 



STACHYtjRTJS, Siebold. Linn, 5, Or. 1, Nat. Or. 

 Pittosporacnas. For culture, see Pittosporum. 

 pnecox . . Pink . 4, F. Ev. S. Japan . 1864 



StackhotjsiAce,3e, or Stackhousiads. These 

 are principally herbaceous plants, but a few 

 are shrubby. All at present known are natives 

 of Australia. 



SlACKHOtrsiA, Smith. In honour of Mr. Stack- 

 house, a British botanist. Linn. 5, Or. 2, 

 Nat. Or. Stackhousiaceec. Ornamental plants, 

 of common culture. 



linariasfblia . White . 4, G. Ev. S. 2 N. Holl. . 1823 

 montfgyna . Pink . 4, H. Her. P. 1 V. D. L. . 1835 

 spathulata . White . 4, G. Ev. S. 2 Australia 1825 



Stadmannia, Lamarck, In honour of M. Stad- 

 mann, a German botanical traveller. Linn. 8, 

 Or. 1, Nat. Or. Sapind&cece. A lofty-growing 

 tree, with very large showy leaves. It grows 

 in loam and peat ; and cuttings of the ripened 

 wood, with the leaves left entire, will root in 

 sand, under a glass, in a moist heat. Syno- 

 nymc: 1, Cupania Cunningliami. 

 australis 1 . Whitish . 6, G. Ev. T. 35 N. Holl. . 1823 



StjEHElIna, Linn. In honour of Benedict Stre- 

 helin, a Swiss botanist. Linn. 19, Or. 1, Nat. 

 Or. Asteracece. Any light rich soil suits these 

 plants ; and cuttings root readily in the same 

 kind of soil. Synonyme: 1, Pterbnia Chanim- 

 peuce. See Leyssera. 



arborescens . Purple . 8, P. Ev. S. 5 Candia . 1739 

 Chamaspeueel Purple . 7, P. Ev. S. 2 Candia . 1640 

 dubia . . . Purple . 6, H. De. S. 3 S. Eur. . 1640 



Staff-tree. See Celdslrvs. 



Stag's-horn. See Ccnomycc cervicdmis. 



StalagmItis, Murray. From stalagnos, a run- 

 ning out ; the trees exude a yellow resinous 

 juice when cut. Linn. 18, Or. 2, Nat. Or. 

 Glusiacece. A genus of very fine ornamental 

 trees, thriving well in a mixture of turfy loam 

 and peat, and requiring to be kept in a strong 

 heat. Cuttings of the ripened wood will root 

 iu sand, under a glass, in a moist heat. The 

 fruit of some of the species is eatable. The 

 trees yield a yellow viscid juice, hardly distin- 

 guishable from gamboge, and used for the 

 same purposes by painters. Synonymcs : 1, 

 Xanthochpmus edulis; 2, X guineinsis; 3, X. 

 luteus ; 4, X. macrophffllus ; 5, X. ovalifblius ; 

 6, X. purpureus; 7, X. tinctbrius. 

 duleis 1 . Yellow . 5 S. Ev. T. 20 E. Ind. . 1820 

 guineensis 2 . Yellow . 5 S. Ev. T. 20 Guiana . 1824 



luteus 3 . . Yellow . 5 S. Ev. T. 20 E. Ind. . 1824 



maorophyllus4 Yellow . 5 S. Ev. T. 20 E. Ind. . 1824 



ovalif&lius 5 . Yellow . 5 S. Ev. T. 15 Ceylon . 1820 



purpureus 6 . Purple . 5 S. Ev. T. 20 E. Ind. . 1824 



tinctdrius 7 . Purple . 5 S. Ev. T. 20 E. Ind. . 1818 



StalagmItis. See Gartinia. 



Stalks, the foot-stalks of leaves or flowers. 



Stamen, the male organ of a flower. 



Standard, the upper petals in a pea-flower. 



StanhOPEA, Hooker. In compliment to Earl 

 Stanhope, president of the Medico-botanical 

 Society. Linn. 20, Or. 1, Nat. Or. Orchi- 

 daceoz. The species of Slanhbpea are splendid 

 plants when in flower, particularly S. JDevoni- 

 6nsis and S. tigrina, both of which are at 

 present rare in collections. The flowers of all 

 the species are more or less fragrant. The fol- 

 lowing is the method of cultivating these favou- 

 rite plants at Chatsworth : — Over the drainage- 

 hole of the pot to be used for large plants, is 

 inverted one of a smaller size, generally cover- 

 ing about half the bottom of the pot ; above 

 and around this is carefully thrown a quantity 

 of broken pots, sufficient to fill the remaining 

 cavity to within one third of the top. A suffi-. 

 cicnt quantity of fibrous, moderately-sandy peat 

 is next selected, and placed on the top of the 

 drainage, being first broken into various farms 

 and sizes, but none of them less than a walnut. 

 In placing these, care is taken to dispose of 

 each, so as to leave a passage for the escape of 

 water ; this is more effectually secured by in- 

 troducing, as the process of potting goes on, a 

 few pieces of broken pots between every layer, 

 more or less, according to the size of the plant ; 

 indeed, it is an excellent plan to continue a 

 connexion of broken pots all the way up the 

 centre, to the bottom of the pseudo-bulbs. 

 After the peat becomes level with the summit 

 of the pot, the successive external layers are 

 made fast by means of small pegs, varying 

 from four to six inches long : these pegs pene- 

 trate the layers of peat, and thus secure the 

 whole firmly together. At eight inches above 

 the edge of the pot the plant is placed on the * \ 

 top, the roots are carefully laid out, and 

 covered up to the bulbs very carefully with 

 smaller pieces of peat and potsherds, continu- 

 ing to fasten the peat as before described, until 

 the whole is finished ; when it will be a foot or 

 fifteen inches above the top of tho pot ;— small 

 plants are not potted so high. When a single 

 pseudo-bulb is first potted, it should be but 

 very slightly raised above the level, and when 

 a small plant of two or three bulbs is potted, 

 it should not, at first, be raised more than two 

 or three inches, but as it grows larger it is pro- 

 gressively elevated. In building up, as is hero 

 described, with peat, it does not terminate in 

 the shape of a cone, but is carried up nearly 

 square, being merely rounded a little at the- 

 top. Unless the plants are very healthy, water 

 is given but sparingly, at the roots, and in 

 winter very little or none is supplied ; the 

 great desideratum in the cultivation of Orchi- 

 dacea? being to preserve the roots, which, by 

 over-watering, especially in winter, are almost 

 sure to be destroyed. The general temperature 



