Berberis.] vi. behberide^. (Hook. f. & Thorns.) 109 



series. Petals 6, imbricate in 2 series, usually with 2 basal glands inside. 

 Stamens 6, free ; anther-cells opening by recurved valves. Ovary simple • 

 stigma peltate, sessile or on a short style ; ovules few, basal erect. Berry 

 few-seeded.— DiSTKiB. Species about 50, natives of N. temperate regions, 

 subtropical Asia, the Andes, and temperate S. America. 



' Sect. I. Mahonia, Leaves unequally pinnate ; leaflets'opposite. 



1. B. nepalensis, Spreng. Syst. Veg. ii. 120 ,; leaflets oblOng ovate or 

 lanceolate spinous-toothed palmately 3-5-nerved, racemes dense flowered. 

 Wall. Cat. 1480 \ H.f.& T. Fl. Ind. 219. B. miccia, Earn. ; Don Prodr. 205. 

 B. acanthifolia. Wall. ; Bon Syst. Gard. i. 118. Mahonia nepalensis, DC. 

 Prodr. i. 109 ; Deless. Ic. Sd. ii. t. 4. 



Temperate Himalaya, alt. 4-8000 ft. ; from Q-arwhal to Bhotan ; Khasia hills, 

 alt. 4-5000 ft. ; Mekgdi, Griffith; Nilohiki Mts., alt. 5-8000 ft.— Dibteib. Japan? 



Stem erect, 3-20 ft., sutsimple, leafy near the top only. Leaves 6-18 in.; sheath 

 with 2 subulate stipules ; leaflets 2-12 pair, 1-5 in., coriaceous, sessile, articulate with 

 the petiole. Macemes 3-12 in., erect ; bracts 1-2 in., various ; bracteoles oblong or 

 ovate. Flowers fascicled; pedicels J-4 in. slender. Berry J-4 in., violet, glaucous, 

 hitter. — Probably B. Bealii of Japan is not different. 



Vae. 1. nepalensis proper ; leaflets usually narrow-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, berry 

 elliptic. B. nepalensis, I.e. Northern and Eastern India. 



VAE. 2. Leschenaultii ; leaflets broader, berry globose. B. Lesohenaultii, Wall. 

 Cat. 1479 ; Wight I.e. t. 940. Nilghiries. 



Sect. II. Berberis proper. Leaves simple, fascicled in the axils of 3-5- 

 ■partite (rarely simple) spines (reduced leaves). 



* Fkmers racemed, corymbose or subwmielled. 



2. B. vulgaris, L. ; leaves more or less deciduous obovate spinulose- 

 Berrate, flowers racemed, petals subentire, stigma sessile discoid. H.f. dc T. 

 Fl. Ind. 220. 



Westeen Himalaya, alt. 8-12,000 ft., from Nipal to Marri, and in Westeen 

 Tibet. — Disteib. Temp. Europe and N. Asia. 



An extremely variable plant. 



Vae. 1. vulgaris proper ; 8-10 ft., leaves 2-3 in. quite deciduous long petioled broad 

 oblong-lanceolate or obovate acutely serrate, racemes exceeding the leaves pendulous 

 simple not glaucous, flowers large, berries oblong ovoid compressed red, seeds 2-5. 

 DO. Prodr. i. 105.— Kashmir and Kishtwar, alt. 5-1000 ft. 



Vae. 2. cratcegina {sp. DC. Prodr. i. 106) ; a small bush, leaves l-2Jin. coriaceous 

 and persistent entire or spinulose, racemes elongate, berries oblong or subspherical. 

 B. emarginata, Willd. ; sphjerocarpa, Kar. & Kir.; heterpoda, Schrenh; turcomanieae, 

 Kara.— Balti & Kashmir, alt. 8-10,000 ft. 



Vae. 3. oetn^nsis (sp. Presl. Flor. Sic. i. 28) ; low, rigid, robust, leaves 1-lJ in. 

 obovate obtuse or mucronate rarely lanceolate spinulose serrate rarely entire, nerves 

 prominent, racemes suberect or nodding rather exceeding the leaves — B. Kunwarensis, 

 Royle lU. 64.— Simla to Balti, alt. 6-12,000 ft. 



Vae. 4. hrachybotrys (sp. Mdgew. in Trans. lAnn. Soe. xx. 29) ; branches robust, 

 often glaucous, leaves J-14 in. hardly coriaceous obovate or lanceolate spinulose-serrate^ 

 or entire, racemes short many-flowered suboorymbqse. — Erom Sikkim to Simla, alt.' 

 6-12,000 ft. 



Vae. 5. eretica {sp. Linn.) ; low or prostrate, densely branched, leaves J-1 in. 

 rigid coriaceous angled spinulose-serrate or lobulate, margin thickened, racemes longer 

 or shorter than the^ leaves. — (B. vulgaris var. australis, Boiss. B. Thunbergii, DC.) 

 .Garwhal to Balti, alt. 9-11,000 ft. 



