160 X. CHirciFEHiE. (Hook. f. & T. Anderson.) [Raphanm. 



41. RAFHANVS, linn. 



Coarse, rough or glabrous annuals or biennials. Leaves lyrate-pinnate 

 or pinnatifid. Flowers large, yellow, white or pale lilac, veined with purple, 

 in long ebracteate racemes. Sepals erect, lateral ones saccate at the base. 

 Pods indehiscent, elongate, terete, thick, continuous or constricted, with a 

 long tapering pointed beak, continuous within or filled with pith separating 

 the seeds. ' Seeds pendulous, globose ; cotyledons conduplicate.— Disteib. 

 Species about 6, European and Asiatic. 



1. R. satlTus, L.; DC. Prodr. i. 228 ; lower leaves lyrate. (Eadish.) 

 Cultivated throughout India, and up to 16,000 ft. in the Himalaya. — Disteib. With 

 cultiration throughout the tenaperate and warm zones. 



Root fleshy, variable in size and form. Leaves roughly pilose. _ Flowers variahle, 

 usually white or Ulao with purple veins. Pods terete, continuous, 1 in. to 2 ft. {R. can- 

 datus, L.). — The variety {R. eaudatus), with whip-like pods as long as the entire 

 plant, is commonly cultivated in Western India and the Punjab. The younger 

 Linn^us {PI. Rar. Hort. Dpsal, Deo. i. t. 10,?an excellent figure) gives Java as the 

 country from whence the seeds of caudattis were received, under the name " Mougri. 

 R. Raphanistrum, Linn., can scarcely be distinguished from R. sativus, and is probably 

 only the wild state of it. 



42. GOXiDBACKXA, DC. 



A glabrous, glaucous, branched annual. Lower leaves petioled, upper 

 auricled. Flowers small, pale rose, in elongate, ebracteate racemes. Sepals 

 erect, equal at the base. Pods coriaceous, indehiscent, tetragonal, slightly 

 constricted between the seeds, but scarcely jointed, curved, tapering above . 

 into a broad flattened beak ; cells 2 or 3, superimposed in one row, each 

 1-seeded. See'ds oblong, pendulous ; cotyledons incumbent. 



1. G. laevigata, L>C. Syst. ii. 577 ; radical leaves many ovate-oblong 

 sinuate-toothed. H. f. & T. in Joum. Linn. Soc. v. 180 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient. L 

 243. G. torulosa, DC. I.e. 



Kashmie, alt. 5000 ft., Jacquemont ; common in the Pukjab. — Disteib. Westward 

 to S. Eussia. 



Stem 9-15 in. high. Radical leaves 4-5 in. ; cauline lanceolate, usually slightly 

 toothed, shortly auricled. Pods pendulous, J in. long, reticulately veined, costate at 

 the angles ; pedicels rather slender, reflexed, shorter than the pods. — ^Boissier describes 

 a variety, B. ascendens, having erect pods, with reflexed pedicels. The numerous 

 _ Indian specimens examined have all drooping pods, with the exception of one from 

 Affghanislan, in which the lower pods are ascending. 



43. CKORISFOXIA, DC. 



A small, branching or tufted, glandular or hairy herb. Leaver entire or 

 pinnatisect. Flowers yellow or purple, in few-flowered ebracteate racemes ; 

 pedicels lengthened, usually thickening after flowering. Sepals erect, 

 lateral saccate at the base. Pod elongate, cylindric, torulose, indehis- 

 cent, with a lengthened beak ; cells numerous, 2-seriate, 1-seeded ; lobes of 

 the stigma erect ; cotyledons accumbent. — Disteib. About 7 species, na- 

 tives of Western Asia. ^ 



1. C. tenella, BC. Syst. Veg. ii, 435 ; annual, leaves oblong-lanceolate 

 or spathulate, flowers purplish, pedicels very short, pods obscurely toru- 



