Viola.] XIII. viOLACE^. (Hook. f. & Thorns.) 183 



Wallichiana, Ging. in DC. Frodr. i. 300. V. reniformis, WaU. Cat. 1443 • 

 Boule III. 74, t. 18, 1 2 ; Jioxb. Fl. Ind. Ed. Wall. ii. 457. . 



Tbmpeeate Himalaya from Kashmir to Sikkim, alt. 6-11,000 ft.— Disteib. N.Asia 

 Caucasus, Europe. ' 



Bootstoch slender. Stem 3-12 in., erect or decumbent. Leaves 1-2 in. diam., 

 crenate, cauline 2-3. 



?* Stigma terminal, truncate, dilated depressed orbicular or lobed. 



\^' ^?'*^*""' DO. Frodr. \. 293 ; ^glabrous or l)ubescent, steraless, 

 without stolons, leaves triangular ovate oblong or linear-crenate or serrate, 

 base hastate cordate or cuneate, stipules linear adnate, flowers lilac, sepals 

 lanceolate, spur saccate. Wall. Gat. 1445. V. primulifolia, Linn, in part; 

 Bnxb. Fl Ind. i. 650. V. grandifolia and V. mysorensis, WaU. Gat. 1446, 

 1447. V. chfinensis and V. caespitosa, Bon Frodr. 205. V. nilagirica, 

 Turc. in Bull. Mosc. xxxvi. 536. V. Walkerii, Wt. lU. i. 42, t. 18. V. Fa- 

 trinii var. nepaulensis, BG. I.e. 



Temperate Himalaya, alt. 4-8000 ft. from Kashmir to Bhotan ; Western Tibet ; 

 Khasia hills ; hills of the Western Peninsdla, and Ceylon. — Distkib. Afifghanistan, 

 N. Asia, Japan, Mid. Russia. 



Very variable. Bootstock woodjr. Leaves very variable, largest 3-4 by 1-2 in., nar- 

 rowest 3-4 by J-1 in. ; petiole 2H^in., often winged. Stipules entire. Flowers ^-^ in. 

 diam. Style nearly straight, slender; stigma 3-lohed, margined. Capsule straight, 

 |-| in. ; valves narrow, acute. 



3. V. diffusa, Ging. in BG. Frodr. i. 298 ; softly hairy, stemless, sto- 

 loniferous, leaves elHptic-ovate obtuse crenate base cuneate rarely cordate, 

 stipules free narrow toothed, sepals subacute, spur globose. Wall. Gat. 

 1444. V. teams, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Jourii. Bot. i. 482. 



Subtropical Himalaya from Nipal to Mishmi, in fields, alt. 3-5000 ft. ; Khasia 

 Mts.— Distrib. China. 



Perennial. Leaves tufted, 1-| in., pale green ; petiole broadly winged, rarely 

 equalling the blade. Stolons short, sometimes floriferous. Flowers pale-purple. Style 

 slender, narrowed-downwardsfrom the 2-lobed margined obscurely- beaked stigma. 



4. V, Hookerl, T. Thorns. ; glabrous or young parts pilose, stem and 

 stolons short, leaves orbicular-reniform broadly crenate, petiole not 

 winged, stipules narrow free toothed or lacerate, sepals obtuse or acute, 

 spur saccate. 



Eastern Himalaya; Bhotan, alt. 6-7000 .ft., <^!^<A; Sikkim, alfr. 8-11,000 ft., 



Bootstock slender. Leaves J-14 in., rather fleshy, orenatures very broad a;nd shallow; 

 petiole 1-3 in., slender. Flowers white or very pale blue, small. Style slender, narrowed 

 downwards from the 3-lobed obscurely beaked stigma. Capsules small. — Perhaps two 

 species are mixed here, and if so they occur in botb the Sikkim and Bhotan collections ; 

 one is small, very hairy when young, with more reniform leaves and shorter obtuse 

 sepals ; the other is larger, almost wholly glabrous, with more ovate minutely glands 

 dotted leaves having rounded sometimes overlapping basal auricles, and acute sepals ; 

 of this latter some of GrifSth's specimens are marked as from East Bengal (Khasia 

 hills), but through an obvious transposition of tickets. 



5. v. distans, Wall. Gat. 4022, and in Trans. Med. Fhys. Soc. Gale. 

 vii. 227 ; glabrous or nearly so, stolons or stems usually long leafy and 

 flowering, leaves ovate- or deltoid-cordate usually acute crenate-sefrate, sti- 

 pules entire or fimbriate, sepals acute, spur saccate, capsule linear- oblong 



