Toddalia.] xxxiii. eutace^. (J1 D. Hooker.) 497 



9. TODDAXiXA, Juss. 



Usually subscandent or sarmentose prickly shrubs. Leaves alternate, 

 1-3-foliolate ; leaflets sessile. Flowers small, in axillary or terminal cymes 

 or panicles, unisexual. Cali/x short, 2-5-lobed or -parted. Petals 2-5, im- 

 bricate or valvate. Stamens 2, 4, 5 (or 8 with the alternate imperfect), 

 imperfect or in the ? flower, inserted at the base of a short or long or in- 

 conspicuous disk. Ovary ovoid oblong or globose, rudimentary or 4-lobed 

 in the ^ flower, 2-7-(rarely 1-) celled ; style short or 0, stigma capitate ; 

 ovules 2, superposed or collateral in each cell. Fruit subglobose, or lobed, 

 coriaceous or fleshy, 2-7-celled ; cells 1- rarely 2-seeded. Seeds angled, reni- 

 form, testa coriaceous, albumen fleshy ; embryo curved, terete, cotyledons 

 linear or oblong. -^-Distrib. About 8 species, natives of tropical and sub- 

 tropical Asia, Africa and Australia. 



1. T. aculeata, Pers. ; DC. Prodr. ii. 83 ; prickly, leaflets sessile elliptic 

 obovate oblong or lanceolate crenulate, fruit 3-7-celled. W. & A. Prodr. 

 149 ; Thwaites Enum. 69 ; Grah. Cat. Bomb. PI. 37 ; Balz. & Gibs. Bomb. 

 Flor. 46 ; WigU III. t. 66 ; Wall. Cat. 9042 ; Bedd. Flor. Syhat. Anal. Gen. 

 xliL t. vi. f. 4. T. asiatica,^iaOTi. Diet. vii. 693 ; III. ii. 116. T. nitida, Lamk. 

 El. t. 139, f. 1. 1 T. angustifolia, Lamk. Diet. I.e. 694. T. angustifolia, Miq. 

 in Plant. Hohen. 470. T. rubricaulis, Willd. T. floribunda. Wall. PI. As. 

 Rar. iii. p. 37. Zanthoxylon nitidum, Wall. Gat. 1207, from China {not of 

 DC). Z. floribundum. Wall. Cat. 1206 ; PI. As. Ear. iii. t. 232. Scopolia 

 aculeata, Sm. Ic. ined. sub t. 34 ; Poxb. Fl. hid. i. 616. Limonia oligandra, 

 Doiz. in Kew Journ. Bot. ii. 258. Paullinia asiatica, Linn. Sp. PL 524. — 

 Burnt. Flor. Zeyl. 58, t. 24 ; Pheede Hort. Mai. v. 81, t. 41. 



Sdbtropical HiMALAYA, from Kumaon eastwards to Bhotan, ascending to 6000 ft. ; 

 Khabia Mts., ascending to 6000 tt., and throughout the Western Peniksola and 

 Ceylon. — Distkib Sumatra, Java, China, the Philippine Islands. 



A rambling sarmentose shrub, prickly or not. Leaflets sessile, 1-3 by J-1 in., gla- 

 brous, rounded, narrowed or subacute at the tip, which is acute obtuse or notched, 

 many-nerved, green on both surfaces, coriaceous. Cymes axillary, compressed, longer 

 or shorter than the leaves. Flowers ^ in. i.\a,m.., wVite. CaZ?/^; glandular. Petals b, 

 imbricate. Stamens uot exceeding the petals. Ovary usually 6-celled ; style short, 

 stigma 5-lobed ; ovules 2, superposed in each cell. Fruit globose, size of a large pea, 

 3-5-grooved, orange-coloured, 3-5-celled. Seeds solitary in each cell. — Whole plant hot 

 and pungent. 



2. T. bilocularis, W. & A. Prodr. 149 ; unarmed, leaflets elliptic-lan- 

 ceolate acuminate quite entire, tip notched, flowers 2-3-merous, fruit 2-celled. 

 Bedd. Flor. Sylvat. xliii. ; Icones, t. 167. Dipetalum biloculare, Dalz. in Kew 

 Jowm. Bot. u. 38. 



Western Peninsula; Courtallum, Wight; Anamallay forests, alt. 2500-3000 ft. , 

 Beddome ; Concan and Uanara, Dalzell. 



A tree (Beddome), trunk often 3 ft. in girth, foliage dense, always unarmed. Leaflets 

 6-10, sessile or petioled, nerved as in the other species, apparently quite entire. Petals 

 2-3, slightly imbricate. St'gma large, peltate. Fruit as large as a cherry. — I have seen 

 but two specimens, both Wight's, and in fruit only. I follow Dalzell in considering his 

 Bipetalum to be the same ; he seems to have found it in a very early state,_ and^ says 

 the stamens were 6, and inflorescence terminal, which latter is not the case in Wight's 

 specimens; Beddome, however, describes the inflorescence as terminal or from the 

 upper axils, arid much shorter than the petiole. Beddome further describes it as a 

 beautiful tree of considerable size, with dense dark-green foliage; he found the females 

 in March, but not the males ; 3-petaled flowers were much more common than 

 2-petaled. 



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