632 XLii. EHAMNEJ!:. {SI. A. Lawson.) [Ventilaffo. 



The CoHCAN ; at Chorla Ghat, Dahel. 



Leaves 3-5 by f-l| in., lanceolate, acute or enhaouminate, crenate, glabrons, with 

 about 3-4 pairs of costal nerves. Fruit ? — Mr. Bentham, in Joum. Linn. Soc. v. 77, 

 suggests that this may be only a side shoot of V. caVyeulata, but the shape of the leaves, 

 the number of the costal nerves, and Dalzel's supposition that the fruit is larger than in 

 V. madraspatana, point to its being distinct. 



2. SMVTHEA, Seeman. 



Scandent shrabs. Flowers fascicled or solitary in the axils of the 

 leaves. Calyx 5-fid ; lobes spreading ; tube obconical. Fetals 5, cucuUate, 

 broadly emarginate, 2-lobed. Stamens 5, not included in the folds of the 

 petals, filaments incurved. Bisk 5-angled, flat. Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2, 

 recurved. Fruit a l-ceUed 1-seeded capsule, dehiscing down the middle, 

 compressed, not winged. Seed flat, large, exalbuminous. — Disteib. Sp. 2, 

 one Malayan, the other Fijian. 



1. S. calplcarpa, Zwrz in Joum. As. Soc. Beng. 1872, iL 301. 



Tbnasseeim, Heifer. 



Branches clothed with iulvous hairs. Leaves 3-4 by 1-14 i°i elliptic-lanceolate, 

 sometimes shortly acuminate, crenate, slightly pilose on the nerves beneath otherwise 

 glabrous. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves. Fruit (immature) li by | in., 

 oblong, coriaceous, covered with dense silky fulvous hairs. 



3. ZXZYFKTTS, Juss. 



Trees or shrubs, often decumbent or sarmentose and frequently armed 

 "with sharp, straight or hooked prickles (transformed stipules). Leaves sub- 

 bifarious, alternate, usually coriaceous. Flowers fascicled, or in sessile or 

 pedunculated cymes. Calyx 5-fid, lobes spreading, keeled within ; 

 tube broadly obconical Petals 5, rarely 0, cucullate, defiexed. Disk 5-10- 

 lobed, flat or' pitted, with a free margin. Stamens 5. Ovary sunk 

 in the disk and confluent with it at the base, 2-4-celled; styles 2-4, 

 free, or more or less united. Fruit fleshy or dry, with a woody or bony 

 1-4-seeded 1-4-ceUed stone. Seed plano-convex, albumen 0, or very 

 scanty. — Disteeb. Species about 50, found in tropical Asia and America, 

 and the temperate regions of both hemispheres. 



* Flowers in sessile cym£s orfascided in the axils of the leaves. 



1. Z. Jujuba, Lamk. Diet. iii. 318; usually armed, leaves 1-24 by 

 |-2 in. elliptic-ovate ovate or suborbicular dark green and glabrous above, 

 covered beneath with a dense woolly pale-coloured tomentum, fruit 

 l-f in. diam. DC. Prodr. ii. 21 ; Roxh. Fl. Ind. L 608 ; Wall. Gat. 4244; 

 W. (b A. Prodr. 162 ; Wight Ic. t. 99 ; Eooh. Joum. Pot. i. 320, t. cxl. 

 (1834) ; Dak. & Gibs. Pomb. Fl. 49 ; Thwaites Enwm. 74 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylvai. 4 

 cxlix. ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, ii. 13 : Brandis For. Flor. 86, t. 17. Z. mauii- 

 tiana, Herb. Ham. in Wall. Cat. 4245 ; DC. Prodr. ii. 21. Z. Sororia, 

 Schult. Syst. v. 337 ; DC. Prodr. ii. 21. Z. trinerrius. Roth Nmi. Sp. 168, 

 excL var. /3. Ehamnus Jujuba, Lim,n. Fl. Zeyl. 36 ; Bheede Ewt. Mai. iv. t. 40. 



Throughout India, from the N.W. frontier, Sindh, and base of the Himalaya to 

 Ceylon, and Malacca; wild and extensively cultivated. — Disisib. Affghanistan, 

 tropical Africa, the Malay Archipelago, China, Australia. 



A small tree 30-50 ft. ; young branches and flowers covered with a dense liisoous 

 tomentum. Prickles solitary and straight, or geminate and then one shorter and 

 recurved. C^mes J in. long. CoZya; glabrous within. Petofe subspathulate, very con- 

 cave, reflexed. Disk of 10 grooved lobes. Ovary 2-celled ; stales 2, united to the 



