312 



PHARMACEUTICAL BACTERIOLOGY 



tarious stages of gEtiiietic fusion and of ascospbre formation and tile forma- 

 tion of Arthrospores. The vegetative cells increased 'numerically by 

 buddiilg as ■ t3rpified' by th« saccharomycetes generally.' 'The normal 

 vegetative cells may bedesenbed as elliptical to distinctively egg shaped, 

 without vacuoles and withoutTeebghizable nuclei. The plasmie substance 

 lines the inner wall of the cell and is more abundant at one end of the 

 cells, usually the distal end in case of cell aggregates. The vegetative 



cnxD 



FlO. 82. — Various stages in gametic fusion and spore fontiation of nematospora. A, 

 two somatic or vegetative cells unite end to end with solution of the oorttact cell 'walls; 

 B, the plasmie contents of the two cells fuse; C, the fused plasm becomes grouped into 

 four masses; D, plasmie differentiation has proceeded to the formation of the eight spore 

 forming plasmie masses which soon draw away from the wall of the spo're sac and occupy 

 a middle position in the spore sac (ascus); £, fully formed spores; F, the ascus wall 

 soon dissolves setting free the eight spores in two, groups of four spores each which 

 remain attached to each other by means of the whip-like appendages; G, gradually 

 the spores become separated and are distributed through the medium.: 



cells may however undergo remarkable changes in form. They^ may 

 become greatly elongated, narrowed or widened. Occasionally a cell 

 may become bent or elbowed, narrowed at one end and enlarged at the 

 other (gourd form). Daughter cells are always developed apically, never 

 laterally as in many of the true Saccharomycetes. The exceptions are 

 the cell formations at the junctures of two cells. Daughter cell forma 

 tion is bipolar, that is starting with a single vegetative cell, new ceUsinay 

 form from the two apices and this is in fact the rule. 



The plasmie contents of all cells inclusive of ascospores and of arthfb- 



