SANTIAGO. 293 
Men, high-minded men — 
Men who their duties know; 
But know their rights, and knowing dare maintain.” © 
Hitherto a strong feeling of resentment against past tyranny, on 
the part of Spain, has urged them on: but their ideas still continue 
essentially Spanish; and time and education are still wanting to 
develop and form the Chileno national character. 
On returning home I found Dojia Isabella and Dofia Rosa O’ Hig- 
gins waiting to see me; though I had been assured it was impos- 
sible they should call at the house of Cotapos. But, now that there is 
not one of the Carreras left, and that that faction is believed to be at 
an end, it is surely the business of those at the head of the affairs of 
Chile to buy golden opinions of all sorts of men; and I have no 
doubt but that they are glad I am here as an excuse to call without 
the formalities of reconciliation. 
In the evening I went to the palace, and had a great deal of con- 
versation with the Director, especially concerning the early part of 
the revolution, in which he has borne so conspicuous a share. Men- 
tioning the. scarcity of arms, while the patriot army occupied the 
banks of the Maule, he said that the people had often no arms but 
the yokes of their oxen, with which they fought the royalists hand to 
hand. He himself, among other expedients, had a wooden cannon 
made, bound round with green hide, which stood four discharges 
and then burst. I engaged him to speak of his own part in public 
affairs, which he did modestly and freely; until several gentlemen 
entering, the conversation became general. It turned upon the 
affairs of the Libertador Simon Bolivar, and the reception of the 
Spanish deputies in the Caraccas ; deprecating the idea of listening 
to any terms not founded on the acknowledgment of the independ- 
ence of Spanish America. 
_ I left the palace early, and then walked across the square to see 
the evening shopping in the arcades, which is quite as pretty a scene 
as I expected it to be: every little bench has its candle or lamp ; the 
best wares are displayed ; and, as it is a sort of dressed lounge, the 
ladies look particularly well. This place is beautiful by day, but by 
