APPENDIX. 395 
laconic, stating nothing more than—« Don Fulano will pass through the town 
of San Luis on such a day: he has my passport ; receive him politely ; give him 
whatever assistance he may stand in need of, — but, take care that he pass not 
the wood on the other side San Luis. — Prontitud y silencio, asi conviene la bien 
de la Patria!’ He made it appear, that previous to the departure of San 
Martin, he had, in conversation with him, received a verbal order for the mas- 
sacre of the Spaniards, lest they should take part with Carrera. : 
Frivolous as this defence was, it had some weight with the pusillanimous 
and ignorant court by which he was judged. They were accustomed to 
tremble at the name of San Martin, and could not divest themselves of fear. 
They dreaded a vicissitude in their affairs by which San Martin might be 
enabled to reassume his authority ; in which case they would be responsible to 
him if they acted by his favourite as his crimes deserved. Thus the sentiments 
of fear overbalanced those of justice; and the tyrant who had a thousand 
times forfeited his vile existence by his viler deeds, was only sentenced to be 
transported in irons to La Arioja; from whence he escaped, and followed his 
master to Lima, to inform him of the wonderful metamorphosis of America 
beyond the Andes. San Martin received him with the regard due to an able 
and faithful assistant in his iniquities, and appointed him to the command of 
the Castella de la Independencia in Callao. 
After the dismission of the Congress in Buenos Ayres, the supreme power 
was invested in the Cabildo, over which presided Don Pedro Aguirre Al- 
calde de Primer Voto.’ The treaty of peace now commenced; and after a 
few days’ negotiation, overtures were agreed to and signed by the stipulating 
parties. The articles of the treaty of Pilar were as follows, viz. — 
«< That the war carried on by the Federalists against the government of 
«« Buenos Ayres and her allies in the United Provinces was just, in every 
“ acceptation of the word; and had for its principal object and end, the 
‘* emancipation of America in general, not only from her foreign, but also 
«< from her domestic, yoke, which was still more galling and illiberal. 
«© That the many petty governments and independent states bordering on 
“«¢ each other were inimical to, and incompatible with the peace, good order, 
«‘ and prosperity of the nation; war being inevitable whilst each petty 
«¢ governor had exorbitant and avaricious desires to gratify, and a military 
«« force under his command. 
«© That a Federal government was the most effectual preventative against 
3E 2 
