136 H. G. SIMMONS. [sec. arct. exp. fram 



LiNDEBERG says that in Dovre this species grows highest up in the 

 mountains ; this as well as the statement of Blytt, that he has collected 

 it in wet places, covered with mosses and lichens in the higher moun- 

 tains, accords well with my experience, that L. nivalis, which is 

 considerably rarer and more sporadic in Ellesmereland than the last 

 species, generally prefers poorer places with a scanty vegetation but 

 with a larger supply of water. It flowered somewhat later than the 

 preceding. 



Occurrence. Northern coast: Egerton Valley (Feilden !). Grinnell 

 Land (I cannot but assume that some of Hart's statements under L. 

 arcuata must be referred to this). Hayes Sound region: Eskimopolis 

 (838), Skraling Island (4257), Cape Rutherford (301), Fram Harbour 

 (4259, 4260), Bedford Pim Island (4256, 4258), probably overlooked in 

 other places. South coast, less rare, but not so common by far as was 

 the preceding, especially in the archaean district: Fram Fjord in the 

 Western valley (1662); Harbour Fjord, Spade Point (1799), Western 

 Sound (2439), "green patch" at the anchorage (2558); Muskox Fjord 

 (2146); Goose Fjord, Falcon Cliff (2885), at the bottom of Walrus 

 Fjord (2869). West coast: Nordstrand (2111, leg. Fosheim), Braskerud 

 Plain (698, leg. Isachsen). 



Distribution: Northern East and West Greenland, Arctic Ameri- 

 can Archipelago, Arctic America, Alaska, Pribilof and St. Lawrence Is- 

 lands, Arctic Siberia, Novaja Semlja, Spitsbergen, Northern Scandinavia. 



Cyperaceae. 



Carex membranopacta, Bailey. 



C. compacta, R. Bhown, List of pi., 1819; non Krocker; C. membranacea, Hooker, 

 Bot. App. Parry II; Boott, in Hooker, F1. Bor. Amer. ; Hooker & Arnoxt, 

 Bot Beechey; Torrey, Am. Cyp. ; non Hoppe; C. saxatilis var. compacta< 

 Dewey, Caricogr. ; C. saxatilis, Torrey, I. c, (?); C. rotundata, Ostewfeld, 

 Fl. Arct., ex p.; C. pulla, Kjellman, Fan. Vestesk. land; Simmons, Prel Rep. 

 et Bot. Arb. ; C. membranopacta, Bailey, Not. on Carex, 17, 1893; Britton & 

 Brown, 111. Fl.; Macoun, PI. Pribilof {?). 



Fig. Tab. nostra 9, fig. 1-4. 



The plant here in question seems to be the substitute in arctic America, 

 perhaps also further south, for on the one side the typical C. rotundata, 

 such as it appears in northern Europe and also in Greenland, and on 

 the other for G. pulla, which it resembles in its flat leaves. During 

 ray stay in Ellesmereland, I was rather doubtful where to place this 

 plant which though calling to mind both the species mentioned, still 



