1898-1902. No. 2.] VASCULAR PLANTS OF ELLESMERELAND. 141 



Mus. and at Kew); Arctic America (specimens seen from south side of 

 Fury and Heck Strait; Rae River, Richardson, and from the voyage 

 of that traveller 1848—49); Labrador (?); Alaska; Land of the Chukches; 

 East Siberia, mouth of the Yenissei, alpine in Asia down to the Hima- 

 layas, Northern Russia, mountains of Scandinavia, the Alps, Scotland. 



Carex misandra, R. Br. 



C. wMsandra, Roe. Brown, Chlor. Melv., 1823; Ostenfeld, F1. Arct. ; Lange, Consp. 

 Fl. Groeni,; Kruuse, List E. Greenl.; Nathorst, N. W. GrBnl.: Gheely, Rep.; 

 Britton & Brown, 111. FL; Kjellman, in Vegaexp. ; Andersson & Hesselman, 

 Spetsb. karlv. ; Neuman & Ahlfvengren, Sv. Fl. ; A. Blytt, Norg. Fl. ; C. 

 fulginosa fi misandra, Lang, Car. germ, et scand. ; C. fuUginosa, Hooker, 

 Fl. Bor. Amer. ; Torrey, Am. Cyp. ; Andersson, Cyp. Scand.; Hartman, Skand. 

 Fl. ; Meinshausen, Cyp. Russl. ; Hart, Bot. Br. Pol. Exp. ; Feilden, Fl. pi. Nov. 

 Zeml.; C. frigida A Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 



Fig. Fl. Dan., T. 2373; Andersson, 1. c, T. 7, fig. 90. 



The difference between the G. misandra of R. Brown and G. 

 fuUginosa, Sternb. & Hoppe, is doubtless very small, and the former 

 says himself (1. c, p. 51) about his plant: "Hinc ad C fuliginosam 

 Sternb. 1. c. procul dubio referenda". Nevertheless all the authors who 

 have lately treated the flora of arctic countries, have kept the plant of 

 those regions separate from that of central Europe. I have seen 

 very little of G. fuUginosa from central Europe, and have thought 

 it best to accept the commonly-used name. The name G. fuUginosa 

 is first used by Schkuhr, Riedgras., p. 91 et T. Cc, n. 47 (1801), but 

 the plant there described and figured is most probably G. frigida. All., 

 Fl. Pedem. (1785). Later the name fuUginosa was used by Sternberg 

 & HoppE in Denkschr. d. k. Bayr. Got. Gesellsch. V. 1, 1816 (according 

 to HoppE, Caric. germ., p. 52) for a plant which comes very near to 

 the arctic one and seems to differ principally in its larger growth, 

 longer, more cylindraceous spikes, and the white-tipped beak of the 

 utricle. Rather often the Ellesmereland plant has also the spike below 

 the terminal one androgynous, or sometimes also there is a small female 

 spike placed so near the terminal one, as to give it almost the aspect 

 of being branched. The colour of the scales varies between rather light 

 brown and almost black. In the latter case, especially when the pedunc- 

 les of the spikes are short, and the inflorescence contracted, the plant 

 acquires a certain resemblance in habit to G. atrata. 



G. misandra is the most common representative of the genus in 

 Ellesmereland. It is rarely lacking in the slopes, and is also commonly 

 found in plain that are not too moist, it grows on the top of higher 



