178 H. G. SIMMONS. [sec. arct. exp. fram 



it is to be found in very different localities. Indeed, it seems to thrive 

 best in swamps, where it is never lacking, and in manured soil such 

 as in old places of habitation and in rookeries, where it may be very 

 flourishing, but it grows also in slopes, rock ledges, clay plains, gravel 

 soil, and even in loose sand. In dry places it becomes small, narrow- 

 leaved, and the spike-like panicle becomes short and almost orbicular. 

 One form, which grew in slopes down to the river of the Western valley 

 in Fram Fjord (1623), was especially peculiar. It flowered sparingly, 

 but instead, it formed quite a sward of creeping shoots with short, 

 narrow leaves. In other localities in the same fjord Alopecurus would 

 reach to a height of at least fifteen inches, but nowhere in Ellesmere- 

 land have I seen it so flourishing as in the rookeries of the little auk 

 at Foulke Fjord. Greely speaks of specimens 12 and 18 inches high 

 as of frequent occurrence along the shores of Lake Hazen (1. c, p. 15). 

 When A. alpinus, as is commonly the case, grows in water, it will 

 often develop long floating leaves like those of Pleuropogon or Gly- 

 ceria fluitans. 



In flower about the end of June or beginning of July; (Greely 

 has noted it as being in bloom already June 18, 1883). 



Occurrence. North coast: Ward Hunt Island (?), Gape Joseph 

 Henry, Floeberg Beach (Hart). Grinnell Land: spread in all localities 

 visited, along the coast and in the interior (Hart, Greely). Hayes 

 Sound region, common; specimens from: Skraling Island (1375), Cape 

 Rutherford (306), Fram Harbour (292), Cocked Hat Island (1265), Bed- 

 ford Pim Island (272). Southern East coast: Cape Faraday (Wetherill). 

 South coast: common, specimens from Fram Fjord (1623). West coast: 

 Simmons Peninsula up to Lands End, between Eidsfjord and Baumann 

 Fjord, Coal Bay, Braskerud Plain (699, leg. Isachsen), probably every- 

 where. 



Distribution: East and West Greenland (rare in the south), 

 Arctic American Archipelago, Arctic America, Labrador, Rocky Mount- 

 ains, Alaska, Pribilof Islands, St. Lawrence Island, Arctic Siberia, Altai, 

 Ural, Arctic Russia, Novaja Semlja, Spitsbergen, Franz Joseph Land, 

 Scotland. 



