334 BACTERIA. 



Stabling for large animals, all of which are so constructed 

 that they can be kept not only in a state of perfect cleanli- 

 ness, but can be thoroughly washed out with boiling water. 

 They present no porous surfaces, and there is no material 

 used into which germs can penetrate and become inaccessible 

 to the usual microbicidal agents. Lastly, in one corner 

 of the grounds are two cremating furnaces, in one of which 

 gas is used, and in the other ordinary fuel. In these every 

 particle of infected matter and all diseased tissues not kept for 

 microscopic examination, are carefully calcined in order that 

 nothing of an infective nature may be carried beyond the 

 walls of the establishment. The arrangements generally are 

 such that absolute cleanliness may be maintained with the 

 slightest possible amount of labour, so that not only the 

 workers, but also the people residing in the neighbourhood, 

 may be perfectly at ease as regards any danger of infection. 

 Even in the old laboratory, situated in the gardens and in 

 contact with the Normal School in the Rue Vauquelin in 

 the immediate vicinity of hotels, experiments with the most 

 virulently infective diseases have for ten years been carried on 

 by Pasteur and his pupils without the least accident having 

 happened. The new Institute will accommodate about 

 fifty workers — ^about fourteen in the laboratories on the 

 ground floor, and the remainder in the research laboratories. 

 The staff of directors and assistants consists of about fifteen 

 persons, all of whom are studying some branch or other of 

 micro-biology. The only passport required for working 

 in the laboratory is a capacity for doing good work. If 

 there is a place at liberty a good worker is always sure 

 of it, and Frenchmen and foreigners alike are admitted to 

 the use of these tables in one or other of the principal 

 departments, of which there are six, associated with the 

 names of such men as Straus, Grancher, Duclaux, Gamaleia, 

 Chantemesse, Widal, Charrin, and others. These depart- 

 ments are named according to the special kind of work car- 

 ried on. Thus, one is devoted to the study and treatment 

 of hydrophobia, another to general micro-biology, a third to 

 practical bacteriology, a fourth to micro-biology applied to 

 hygiene, a fifth to morphological and comparative micro- 

 biology, a sixth to biological chemistry. Most extensive 

 and elaborate arrangements are made for the instruction of 

 pupils in both general and special methods of bacteriological 



