CHAPTER V 
INSTINCT 
“L’instinct sait tout, dans les voies invariables qui lui ont été 
tracées; il ignore tout, en dehors de les voies. Inspirations sublimes 
de science, inconséquences étonnantes de stupidité, sont 41a fois son 
partage, suivant que ]’animal agit dans des conditions normales ou 
dans des conditions accidentelles.”—Fanre. Souvenirs Entomo- 
logigues. T. I. 
“We are governed by instinct, as well as cats and goats.”— 
VotrairE. Philosophical Dictionary. 
While it may not be necessary to define a term so well known 
as instinct, it may not be without interest to quote the follow- 
ing definitions which have been given by various writers: 
“We may call the instincts of animals those faculties implanted in 
them by the Creator, by which, independent of instruction, observa- 
tion or experience, and without a knowledge of the end in view, they 
are all alike impelled to the performance of certain actions tending to 
the well being of the individual and the preservation of the species.’’— 
Kirpy anp Spence, Introduction to Entomology, 1858. 
“A propensity prior to experience and independent of instruction.” 
—Patey, Natural Theology. 
“ An action, which we ourselves require experience to enable us to 
perform, when performed by an animal, more especially a very 
young one, without experience, and when performed by many 
individuals in the same way, without their knowing for what 
purpose it is performed, is usually said to be instinctive. But I 
could show that none of these characters are universal.” —Darwin, 
Origin of Species. 
Instinct is ‘‘compound reflex action.”—Hzrsert SPENCER, 
Principles of Psychology. 
“Instinct is a general term comprising all those faculties of mind 
which lead to the performance of actions that are adaptive in char- 
acter, but pursued without necessary knowledge of the relation be- 
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